{"id":10860,"date":"2019-01-26T01:54:01","date_gmt":"2019-01-25T18:54:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/du-an-khac\/hoi-dap-cac-van-de-ve-mat-o-tre\/"},"modified":"2024-03-17T02:46:55","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T19:46:55","slug":"hoi-dap-cac-van-de-ve-mat-o-tre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/hoi-dap-cac-van-de-ve-mat-o-tre\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1p c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eaft \u1edf tr\u1ebb"},"content":{"rendered":"

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C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1edfi: B\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa m\u1eaft Burt Dubow, B\u00e1c s\u0129 Charles Slonim v\u00e0 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Sayed Jovkar, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y Ngo\u1ea1i khoa qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (FICS).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"H\u1ecfi<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 1<\/strong><\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i mang k\u00ednh l\u00fac 10 tu\u1ed5i. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00e1u 11 tu\u1ed5i, ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 b\u1ea3ng khi ng\u1ed3i h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f3 qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 thay k\u00ednh m\u1edbi cho ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Th\u1eadt l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3i t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean khi kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin chung, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i hi v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eady th\u00ec, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1eaft. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1eaft ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong th\u1eddi gian t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 11 tu\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 b\u1ea3ng, b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu \u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1m cho c\u1eadu \u1ea5y ngay, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thay k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y gi\u1ea3m th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Jovkar <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 2<\/strong><\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con trai 1 tu\u1ed5i hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n mang k\u00ednh (+2.00 diopters) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa t\u1eadt vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> v\u00e0 m\u1eaft c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e1c<\/a> c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u c\u1ee9 k\u00e9o k\u00ednh ra ch\u1ec9 sau khi mang v\u00e0o v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed v\u1edbi d\u00e2y cao su 3\/4 inch (b\u1ea3n r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 2cm), gi\u1eef tay ch\u00e1u, qu\u1ea5n b\u1eb1ng b\u0103ng v\u1ea3i\u2026Ch\u00e1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f3c. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u00fap ch\u00e1u \u0111eo k\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u2013 L.R., Canada <\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> V\u1ec1 c\u1eadu b\u00e9, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai? L\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Spock (m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa Nhi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf M\u1ef9) hay sao? Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho b\u1ea1n. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u1ecf tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 h\u00e3y l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 con c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 cho t\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 c\u00e1i k\u00ednh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng s\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 con c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u00fang ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u0111eo k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc v\u1edbi con trai b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadu \u1ea5y th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, khi th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu \u1ea5y \u0111ang l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n may m\u1eafn! \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 3<\/strong><\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ecdc ngang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf m\u1eaft, l\u00e1c n\u1eb7ng<\/a>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh<\/a> kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh khi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u00fac 3 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? \u2013 J.G., Alabama <\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ec7nh \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u0103m kh\u00e1m tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh b\u1ecb l\u00e1c<\/a>, tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb<\/a>…<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh 3 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. C\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, h\u00e3y n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 nhi khoa v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 4<\/strong><\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i (10 tu\u1ed5i) b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> v\u00e0 mang k\u00ednh t\u1eeb l\u00fac 2 tu\u1ed5i. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nghi ng\u1edd ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt. Con t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eadt th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u2013 R.L., California<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt cho con g\u00e1i b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u00e0. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt<\/a>, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 stereopsis, l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn trong kh\u00f4ng gian 3 chi\u1ec1u. Hi\u1ec3u theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed7i m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00e3o s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, m\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hai h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi nhau, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eaft, ho\u1eb7c hai m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c (vision therapy) \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 5<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> T\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9a con trai 11 tu\u1ed5i b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a>. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00e1u \u0111eo k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (contact lenses) lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00e1u \u0111eo k\u00ednh hai tr\u00f2ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng mang k\u00ednh hai tr\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 khi ch\u00e1u \u0111eo k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 M.H., California.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> T\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee9ng th\u1ea5m kh\u00ed (rigid gas permeable lenses: GP) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa c\u1eadn th\u1ecb. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb, vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng GP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa v\u1edbi k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Li\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Kh\u00fac X\u1ea1 Gi\u00e1c M\u1ea1c (Corneal Refractive Therapy: CRT), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a> t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, k\u00ednh hai tr\u00f2ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1eadn th\u1ecb. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac GP c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 6<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i, 3 tu\u1ed5i, b\u1ecb h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Stickler. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u l\u00e0 c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a> n\u1eb7ng, v\u00e0 ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a> -25D \u1edf c\u1ea3 2 m\u1eaft. B\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng k\u00ednh g\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e1u c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111eo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u trong m\u1eaft. Ch\u00e1u th\u00e1o ch\u00fang ra v\u00e0 n\u00e9m \u0111i. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c cho ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 K.S., Georgia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c con g\u00e1i b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111eo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eaft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb (lazy eye)<\/a> l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao, ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong nh\u00f3m tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Slonim.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 7<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a con trai 7 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb thi\u1ec3u n\u0103ng quy t\u1ee5. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh g\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec cho ch\u00e1u? \u2013 C.H., New York.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Thi\u1ec3u n\u0103ng quy t\u1ee5 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eaft h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho m\u1eaft, m\u1ecfi m\u1eaft, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc k\u00e9m, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp thu k\u00e9m, nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4i…T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c khi m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ec3u n\u0103ng quy t\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng qua li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c (vision therapy). H\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean nh\u00e3n khoa v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c (College of Optometrists in Vision Development) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 8<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con t\u00f4i 4 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c 20\/40 \u1edf c\u1ea3 2 m\u1eaft. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 n\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n theo th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 M. Georgia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft con b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a>, vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> hay lo\u1ea1n th\u1ecb<\/a> quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft con b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c 20\/40. M\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c n\u1eefa c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai m\u1eaft v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ed1t \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o. <\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0a con b\u1ea1n \u0111i kh\u00e1m chuy\u00ean khoa m\u1eaft th\u00ec t\u00f4i th\u1eadt l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00e1u \u0111i kh\u00e1m. B\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c 20\/40 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 9<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con t\u00f4i b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0lo\u1ea1n th\u1ecb<\/a>, ch\u00e1u 9 tu\u1ed5i. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1ee9ng sau c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n trong kh\u1ed1i. C\u00f3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda m\u1eaft cho tr\u1ebb em trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1m \u01a1n \u2013 Teresa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> T\u00f4i nghi ng\u1edd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed5 m\u1eaft cho m\u1ed9t ch\u00e1u b\u00e9 9 tu\u1ed5i, khi m\u00e0 t\u1eadt kh\u00fac x\u1ea1<\/a> \u1edf l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh (d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang). B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a con b\u1ea1n \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Slonim.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 10<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf (microcornea) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 nh\u00e3n khoa sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra cho con g\u00e1i m\u1edbi sinh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong b\u1ec7nh \u00e1n cho 2 m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u. T\u00f4i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t lo l\u1eafng. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u01a1n gi\u00fap t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 R.S., \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh (nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 11mm). C\u00e1c gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ed1c h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady g\u00e2y ra c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a>. N\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecb t\u1eadt b\u1ea9m sinh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Rubella (s\u1edfi \u0110\u1ee9c)<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1eefa c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a>. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecfi b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa m\u1eaft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho con b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfi lo l\u1eafng \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Slonim.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 11<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con trai c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecb l\u00e1c<\/a> (squint). K\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u l\u00e0 +4.00\/+5.00D. Ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i mang k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng? K\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u00e1u 4 tu\u1ed5i \u2013 J.K., \u0110an M\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> N\u1ebfu t\u1eeb \u201csquint\u201d b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 crossed eyes (l\u00e1c qui t\u1ee5) th\u00ec v\u00e2ng, con b\u1ea1n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i mang k\u00ednh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00e1u mang k\u00ednh d\u00f9 m\u1eaft \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o. <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e2ng, ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do n\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111eo k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed9 10 tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u. 10 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n (t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9) \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 12<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u00e9 s\u01a1 sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 Danielle, New Jersey.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng. Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 13<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> T\u00f4i c\u00f3 con g\u00e1i tu\u1ed5i thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a> v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111eo k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u00e0u. T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ch\u00e1u ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. <\/span>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u00e0u chung v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y ch\u00e1u \u0111eo ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c trang web n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trung th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u2013 Mary, Texas.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9. Con g\u00e1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng chung k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y vi khu\u1ea9n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y v\u00e0o m\u1eaft m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn hay. N\u1ebfu k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m \u1edf m\u1eaft, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf<\/a>. M\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu Oxygen ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecda d\u1eabm b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u01a1n. Con g\u00e1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p k\u00ednh cho ch\u00e1u v\u1ec1 th\u00f3i quen s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cho ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

\u1ed2, nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd xem con b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00fang khi ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng? Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 th\u00f3i quen d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 14<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> K\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1eefa l\u00e1c<\/a> t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Khi \u0111eo k\u00ednh trong m\u1eaft r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u00e1c<\/a> kh\u00f4ng? Vi\u1ec7c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng khi tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 Patti, Connecticut.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: L\u00e1c<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0(strabismus) l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean, xu\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0o trong ho\u1eb7c ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u201cstrabismus\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u00e1c qui t\u1ee5. K\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t cho v\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u00edt nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u00e1c<\/a>. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn ra h\u01a1n. H\u00e3y n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 l\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u00e2ng, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5c khi tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn l\u00ean. T\u00f4i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u00e1c<\/a> lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c (vision therapy), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 m\u1eaft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u00f3a \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 15<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Ch\u1ed3ng t\u00f4i b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1n th\u1ecb<\/a> 2 m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb<\/a> do t\u1eadt kh\u00fac x\u1ea1<\/a>, vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> n\u1eb7ng 1 m\u1eaft so v\u1edbi m\u1eaft b\u00ean kia. Ch\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 \u0111eo k\u00ednh g\u1ecdng v\u00e0 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eef tr\u00ean tivi v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 15 feet. C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u1ed3ng t\u00f4i n\u00f3i c\u00e1i k\u00ednh b\u1ecb l\u00e0m sai nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111eo k\u00ednh, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u2013 V.S., Pennsylvania.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 1 m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft b\u00ean kia, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho m\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft con g\u00e1i b\u1ea1n bao nhi\u00eau tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cam \u0111oan v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u1edf ch\u00e1u. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u00ednh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0a con b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c (vision therapy) \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eaft cho ch\u00e1u ch\u01b0a? Nh\u1eefng b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1eaft nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb<\/a>, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1eaft tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u0169ng khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00eam xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c cho con b\u1ea1n \u0111eo k\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac khi ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. K\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap 2 m\u1eaft l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau trong n\u00e3o. (K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb m\u1eaft n\u00e0y qua m\u1eaft kia khi \u0111eo tr\u00f2ng k\u00ednh d\u00e0y). K\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 k\u00ec di\u1ec7u trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2ng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 g\u1ecdng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2ng k\u00ednh d\u00e0y. Ch\u00fac may m\u1eafn! \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 16<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i 1 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a 1 m\u1eaft l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed m\u1eaft b\u00ean kia. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u1eady? B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u n\u00f3i m\u1eaft s\u1ebd b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i \u2013 J.G., Pennsylvania.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> C\u00f3 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 10% ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed 2 m\u1eaft k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau (anisocoria). C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng test lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Nh\u1eefng test n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c nh\u1ecf m\u1eaft. \u0110\u00f4i l\u00fac s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed to h\u01a1n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1eaft b\u00ean kia. V\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1eaft s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Slonim.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 16<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> T\u00f4i m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i m\u1ed9t ch\u00e1u trai 3 tu\u1ed5i. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e1u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, t\u1ef1 m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, t\u1ef1 \u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea7m non \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n (\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e1u l\u1ea1i \u00edt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng). <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh m\u00f9 m\u00e0u<\/a>. Ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1eebng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd do ch\u00e1u ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng t\u1edbi gi\u1edd ch\u00e1u ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o. <\/span>Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng h\u1ecfi ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u00e1u. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh m\u00f9 m\u00e0u<\/a> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap con trai t\u00f4i? \u2013 E.W., Massachusetts.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Theo nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u00e0u s\u1eafc cho tr\u1ebb 3 tu\u1ed5i. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 v\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 l\u1edbp s\u01a1n bao ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2ng k\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i test nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u00e0u kh\u00e1 tinh vi m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00f2ng k\u00ednh n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh m\u00f9 m\u00e0u<\/a> v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 17<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a con g\u00e1i 10 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft n\u00f3i th\u1ea7n kinh th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb ph\u00f9. Ch\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p MRI<\/a>. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u g\u00e1i 10 tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp 6. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea5t h\u1eb3n theo th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 Diane, Massachusetts. <\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> K\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ch\u00e1u. C\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 MRI<\/a>, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 gai th\u1ecb (pseudopapilledema). T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. S\u1ebd r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01a1i n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu ch\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, thay v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 1 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Slonim.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 18<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con trai t\u00f4i, 11 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u01b0\u1eddm n\u01b0\u1edbc (glaucoma)<\/a>. Ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t test ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c trong m\u1eaft, m\u1ed9t test RHT v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e8n khe. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 cho ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb glaucoma<\/a> di truy\u1ec1n tu\u1ed5i v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean, \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm. Ch\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n sinh l\u00fd do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eb9n beta<\/a>. C\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0o m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 A.G., Argentina.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb glaucoma<\/a>\u00a0c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c nh\u1ecf m\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu \u1edf m\u1eaft, v\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u00e1u, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb glaucoma t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao trong m\u1eaft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. <\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb glaucoma<\/a> lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eb9n beta (beta blocker)<\/a>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y li\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u00e8m ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng k\u00e8m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ham mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Slonim.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 19<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eaft nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1edbm kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 L.B., New York.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft \u00edt l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a con h\u1ecd \u0111i ki\u1ec3m tra r\u0103ng, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch “nhai s\u00e1ch” c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng! C\u00e1m \u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eaft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 2 t\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu cha m\u1eb9 nghi ng\u1edd tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 hay nh\u00e1y m\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c nh\u00ecn r\u1ea5t m\u1edd. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eaft cho tr\u1ebb 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eaft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u1ecf tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh quanh \u0111\u1ed9 3 tu\u1ed5i. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra, khi tr\u1ebb \u0111ang nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i (con ch\u00f3 \u0111ang s\u1ee7a ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n) ho\u1eb7c xem m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nhanh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u (c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a>, vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a>, lo\u1ea1n th\u1ecb<\/a>, l\u00e1c<\/a> v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft…). May m\u1eafn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, trong khi c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp \u0111i th\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. <\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00e1m t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eaft, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho bi\u1ebft th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 20<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> B\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u1eaft n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i l\u00e0 con trai t\u00f4i b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> nh\u01b0ng \u1ed5n. Ch\u00e1u 8 tu\u1ed5i, n\u1ebfu b\u00e1c s\u0129 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00e1u c\u1ea7n \u0111eo k\u00ednh, ch\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111eo c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00e1u n\u00f3i ch\u00e1u nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 H.J., Washington.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb sinh ra s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hyperopic (t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng). Khi tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn l\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n \u0111i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb, vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u1eadt \u1edf xa t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, trong khi c\u1eadn th\u1ecb<\/a> l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u1eadt \u1edf xa b\u1ecb m\u1edd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i t\u1edbi th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi \u0111\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn g\u1ea7n. <\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n cho con b\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb<\/a> c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng? \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Dubow.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 21<\/h2>\n

H\u1ecfi: <\/strong> Con trai 3 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00fac sinh ra b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 (cataract)<\/a>\u00a02 m\u1eaft. Ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf cataract l\u00fac 4 v\u00e0 5 tu\u1ea7n tu\u1ed5i. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3<\/a> xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1eaft b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed5 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2, b\u00e1c s\u0129 cho bi\u1ebft th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch. B\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3<\/a> nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t hay th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? \u2013 M.C. <\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: <\/strong> Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t<\/a>\u201d (secondary cataract) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee5c bao sau. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ea5t nhanh \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n do m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c m\u00f4 x\u01a1 (fibrosis) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i qua bao th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3. <\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p thu ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7c s\u00f3t m\u1ed9t \u00edt m\u1ea3nh th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 (cortex) trong ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u2013 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Slonim.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span><\/h2>\n

http:\/\/www.allaboutvision.com\/askdoc\/children.htm <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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