{"id":13246,"date":"2019-03-19T16:33:34","date_gmt":"2019-03-19T09:33:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/du-an-khac\/informed-consent-ky-3-dong-y-sau-khi-duoc-giai-thich-chung-ta-dang-o-dau-tren-tien-trinh-lich-su\/"},"modified":"2024-03-17T04:21:04","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T21:21:04","slug":"informed-consent-ky-3-dong-y-sau-khi-duoc-giai-thich-chung-ta-dang-o-dau-tren-tien-trinh-lich-su","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/informed-consent-ky-3-dong-y-sau-khi-duoc-giai-thich-chung-ta-dang-o-dau-tren-tien-trinh-lich-su\/","title":{"rendered":"Informed consent: K\u1ef3 3 &#8211; \u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ngay c\u1ea3 Napoleon, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u201cman di m\u1ecdi r\u1ee3\u201d. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a 50 n\u0103m sau s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n<p>Song song v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda qua c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n sau.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 1<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y m\u00ea v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n xem kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0 \u00e1c t\u00ednh hay l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh. Khi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i u l\u00e0 \u00e1c t\u00ednh, ngay trong ca m\u1ed5, b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 T\u1ef0 TI\u1ec6N c\u1eaft b\u1ecf \u0111i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u1edf New York v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1914 m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean \u201cv\u1ee5 \u00e1n Schloendorff\u201d. Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lu\u00e2n l\u00fd y h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i khoa m\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 <strong>b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh<\/strong> b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi y t\u1ebf x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, d\u00f9 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd!<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o cho r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tranh lu\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u201c<strong>\u0110\u1ed2NG \u00dd<\/strong>\u201d: B\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 2<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n 55 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 nghi ng\u1edd l\u00e0 c\u00f3 thuy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thuy\u00ean t\u1eafc, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam sodium urokon (ch\u1ea5t nhu\u1ed9m) v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 qua v\u00f9ng th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5c n\u1ed5i ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 hai chi d\u01b0\u1edbi!<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Martin Salgo, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e2m \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t do th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng l\u1ebd ra c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch TO\u00c0N B\u1ed8 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed2NG \u00dd ph\u1ea3i k\u00e8m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1957 l\u00e0 n\u0103m m\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201c<strong>Informed consent<\/strong>\u201d (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch \u201c\u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch\u201d) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 15 n\u0103m (1957-1972) \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn sau nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean t\u00f2a v\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 trong phi\u00ean t\u00f2a n\u0103m 1960 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cB\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c thuy\u1ebft minh cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, n\u1ed9i dung \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u201cchuy\u00ean m\u00f4n\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129?<\/p>\n<p>theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u201cch\u1ee7 quan\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n?<\/p>\n<p>hay theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u201ctrung b\u00ecnh\u201d m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 3<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111au l\u01b0ng n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 do v\u1ee1 \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1ec7m (gian \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ed1ng th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng) v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean b\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ed5. B\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea5n an M\u1eb8 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ca ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u1ea5y so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb s\u01b0ng ph\u00f9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 thuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ekip m\u1ed5. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c sau m\u1ed5, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi gi\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thanh ray ch\u1eafn gi\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 y t\u00e1 k\u1ec1 b\u00ean. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00ea li\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1c s\u0129 (v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n) v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u1eafc tr\u00e1ch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1eadu ph\u1eabu v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch CHO B\u1ec6NH NH\u00c2N v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 li\u00ean quan tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ed5. Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh!<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00eda b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n th\u00ec b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1%, ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e9 sau m\u1ed5. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 lo ng\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n hoang mang lo l\u1eafng, g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ee5 \u00e1n Canterbury v. Spence n\u0103m 1972 n\u00e0y d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u tranh lu\u1eadn s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 B\u1ec6NH NH\u00c2N ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ai kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, ph\u1ea1m vi thuy\u1ebft minh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u201cchuy\u00ean m\u00f4n\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i theo <strong>ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>! C\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng, ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u201cchuy\u00ean m\u00f4n\u201d \u0111ang th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3!<\/p>\n<p>Qua 3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean sinh ra hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh x\u1eed c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean \u0111i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n:<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed8T thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh x\u1eed y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201ckh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i c\u1ee7a NHI\u1ec0U b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>\u201cti\u1ebfp s\u1ee9c\u201d b\u1eb1ng NHI\u1ec0U quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn, v\u00e0<\/li>\n<li>\u201cv\u1ec1 \u0111\u00edch\u201d b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh M\u00c3NH LI\u1ec6T v\u00e0 B\u1ec0N B\u1ec8 cho c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Y t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed?<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schloendorff_v._Society_of_New_York_Hospital\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schloendorff_v._Society_of_New_York_Hospital<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2504103\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2504103\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lawnix.com\/cases\/canterbury-spence.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lawnix.com\/cases\/canterbury-spence.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u300c\u751f\u547d\u502b\u7406\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u2015\u4eba\u4f53\u5b9f\u9a13\u30fb\u81d3\u5668\u79fb\u690d\u30fb\u6cbb\u7642\u505c\u6b62\u300d_\u9999\u5ddd \u77e5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>M\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef3 4 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 11\/6\/2016 &#8211;\u00a0Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ng\u00e0nh Y v\u00e0 Informed Consent<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Y t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed? Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":108,"featured_media":13247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5146,5302],"tags":[7126],"series":[6216],"coauthors":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Informed consent: K\u1ef3 3 - \u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Informed consent: K\u1ef3 3 - \u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/informed-consent-ky-3-dong-y-sau-khi-duoc-giai-thich-chung-ta-dang-o-dau-tren-tien-trinh-lich-su\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Informed consent: K\u1ef3 3 - \u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Informed consent: K\u1ef3 3 - \u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/informed-consent-ky-3-dong-y-sau-khi-duoc-giai-thich-chung-ta-dang-o-dau-tren-tien-trinh-lich-su\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"D\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"http:\/\/facebook.com\/beequy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-03-19T09:33:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-16T21:21:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/05\/dong-y-sau-khi-duoc-giai-thich.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"BS.TS. 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