{"id":5187,"date":"2018-08-02T15:36:02","date_gmt":"2018-08-02T08:36:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/du-an-khac\/2018\/08\/02\/tuyen-yen\/"},"modified":"2024-03-17T04:00:46","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T21:00:46","slug":"tuyen-yen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/tuyen-yen\/","title":{"rendered":"Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft (s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hormone). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch c\u00e1c hormone (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1) v\u00e0o m\u00e1u. C\u00e1c hormone \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch (target). Th\u00f4ng\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch, ch\u00fang l\u00e0m ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch m\u1ed9t hormone th\u1ee9 hai. C\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.
\nTuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft trung \u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00ec n\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebft hormone kh\u00e1c: ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng, tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadn v\u00e0 tinh ho\u00e0n. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/h2>\n

V\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu, tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf n\u1ec1n s\u1ecd, ph\u00eda sau m\u0169i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i (h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3i). <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n (th\u00f9y) ch\u00ednh: tuy\u1ebfn <\/strong> y\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/strong> (\u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn <\/strong> y\u00ean sau <\/strong> (\u1edf ph\u00eda sau). Hai ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch ti\u1ebft n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"Tuy\u1ebfn<\/p>\n

Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u1ecbp tim, huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh b\u1ea1n. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"Tuy\u1ebfn<\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch v\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean. V\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hormone ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean. <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i theo d\u00f5i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng hormone kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u00e1u nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi nh\u1eefng hormone n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ra hormone \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cb\u00e1o\u201d cho tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u hormone kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c hormone s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch v\u00e0o m\u00e1u. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c hormone tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00edch (nh\u01b0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hormone ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng hormone \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u201ct\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7\u201d n\u00e0y m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0 \u1edf v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c hormone tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hormone \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 cao l\u00ean. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch hormone \u1edf v\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1ee3c hay c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u00e2m (negative feedback). V\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hormone t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n

Tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/strong> s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c hormone c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh s\u1ea3n. S\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hormone t\u1eeb th\u00f9y tr\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi v\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3i. C\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i hormone kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft ra b\u1edfi th\u00f9y tr\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean. Th\u00f9y sau tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hai lo\u1ea1i hormone.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c hormone th\u00f9y tr\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hormone <\/span> <\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n C\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh <\/span> <\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng <\/span> <\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadn <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n K\u00edch th\u00edch tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cortisol. Cortisol quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00e1u v\u00e0 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 stress nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecbn \u0103n. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hormone k\u00edch th\u00edch nang tr\u1ee9ng (Follicle-stimulating hormone – FSH) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng (ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n K\u00edch th\u00edch bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nang tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 tinh. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra t\u0103ng hormone estrogen <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tinh ho\u00e0n (nam gi\u1edbi) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n K\u00edch th\u00edch tinh ho\u00e0n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh tr\u00f9ng. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hormone t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng (Growth hormone -GH) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u cao. \u1ede ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 b\u1eafp v\u00e0 m\u1ee1 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Luteinising hormone (LH) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng (ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n G\u00e2y r\u1ee5ng tr\u1ee9ng – s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 tinh. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tinh ho\u00e0n (nam gi\u1edbi) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n K\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong tinh ho\u00e0n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t testosterone. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Melanocyte – stimulating hormone (MSH) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n N\u00e3o? <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a r\u00f5. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o; khi hormone n\u00e0y c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra x\u1ea1m da. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prolactin <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Tuy\u1ebfn v\u00fa <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hormone kh\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch tuy\u1ebfn v\u00fa s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eefa.
\nN\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng mang thai. \u0110\u00e0n \u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 prolactin m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hormone k\u00edch th\u00edch tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p (Thyroid-stimulating hormone -TSH) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n K\u00edch th\u00edch tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hormone tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 triiodothyronine (T3) v\u00e0 thyroxine (T4).
\nC\u00e1c hormone n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1ecbp tim, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t . <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e1c hormone th\u00f9y sau tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hormone <\/span> <\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n C\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh <\/span> <\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng <\/span> <\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hormone ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e0i ni\u1ec7u (ADH) <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Th\u1eadn <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u. (N\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc qua th\u1eadn tr\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u).
\nADH c\u0169ng g\u00e2y t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oxytocin <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n V\u00fa v\u00e0 t\u1eed cung <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n K\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 co b\u00f3p c\u1ee7a t\u1eed cung l\u00fac sinh. Gi\u00fap v\u00fa ti\u1ebft s\u1eefa. <\/span> <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • B\u1ec7nh to \u0111\u1ea7u chi (Acromegaly) <\/span><\/li>\n
  • H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Cushing <\/span> <\/span><\/li>\n
  • U tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean ti\u1ebft prolactin (Prolactinoma) <\/span> <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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