{"id":6089,"date":"2018-07-25T05:41:26","date_gmt":"2018-07-24T22:41:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/du-an-khac\/2018\/07\/25\/chong-mat\/"},"modified":"2024-03-17T04:21:05","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T21:21:05","slug":"chong-mat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/chong-mat\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"ch\u00f3ng<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c xoay tr\u00f2n, b\u1eadp b\u00eanh, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt \u0111ang quay xung quanh m\u00ecnh, x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ea3 khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n y\u00ean t\u0129nh.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f9a ch\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xoay v\u00f2ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. Ki\u1ec3u ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac r\u1ed3i bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0i gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"Gi\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

S\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh \u0111i qua \u1ed1ng tai ngo\u00e0i cho t\u1edbi khi t\u1edbi m\u00e0ng nh\u0129. T\u1eeb m\u00e0ng nh\u0129, s\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua tai trong nh\u1edd ba x\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf – x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00faa, x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111e v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p \u2013 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed1c tai v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n kinh ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh \u1ed1c tai – l\u00e0 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh s\u1ebd mang c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y t\u1edbi n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a tai trong l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng b\u00e1n khuy\u00ean (semicircular canals). C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng n\u00e0y vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f3t b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con quay h\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n (gyroscope) c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. S\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian.Ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb trung \u01b0\u01a1ng hay ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n trung \u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng<\/strong>, trong khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf tai trong<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Tai trong b\u1ecb vi\u00eam do b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 hay c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf tai trong b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng b\u00e1n khuy\u00ean, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. Lo\u1ea1i ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh (Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo – BPPV).<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh Meniere<\/a>, l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t k\u00e8m m\u1ea5t th\u00ednh l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u00f9 tai, g\u00e2y ra do s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch b\u00ean trong tai trong, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u00f5.<\/p>\n

\"Ch\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i tai trong v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng n\u00e3o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u01a1 c\u1ee9ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c<\/a> (MS-\u00a0multiple sclerosis<\/a>), hay c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u Migraine th\u1ec3 Migraine \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch th\u00e2n n\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh, thu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 aspirin.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t (nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, b\u1ec7nh tim, \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1). \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 2% \u0111\u1ebfn 3% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh (BPPV); ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 n\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c xoay tr\u00f2n<\/strong> v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111ang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n y\u00ean t\u0129nh. C\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 xoay tr\u1edf tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hay l\u00e0m n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng cho\u00e1ng v\u00e1ng hay x\u1ec9u (faiting). Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t c\u00f2n k\u00e8m bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c n\u00f4n \u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Th\u0103m kh\u00e1m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eaft b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 rung gi\u1eadt nh\u00e3n c\u1ea7u nystagmus). V\u00e0i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng. N\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 k\u00e8m y\u1ebfu hay m\u1ea5t ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u1edf n\u1eeda b\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec nghi ng\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (prompt evaluation).<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n k\u00ea toa – OTC medications), c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y hay c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y khoa \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p manh m\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

Sau khi h\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh s\u1eed, vi\u1ec7c th\u0103m kh\u00e1m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c th\u0103m kh\u00e1m th\u1ea7n kinh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e3o v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb trung \u01b0\u01a1ng hay ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ecb. B\u1ec7nh s\u1eed, kh\u00e1m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ecdc khi c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng. D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u rung gi\u1eadt nh\u00e3n c\u1ea7u (c\u00e1c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eaft b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng) hay s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd n\u1ec1n g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. Nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p Dix-Hallpike \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t; nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i xem c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n (roll test): cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u1eb1m l\u0103n tr\u00f2n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u quay nhanh t\u1eeb b\u00ean n\u00e0y qua b\u00ean kia. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p Dix-Hallpike, nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u0169ng gi\u00fap t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3m tra MRI<\/a>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0CT scan<\/a>\u00a0n\u00e3o hay tai trong \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu nghi ng\u1edd m\u1ea5t th\u00ednh l\u1ef1c, vi\u1ec7c \u0111o th\u00ednh l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.\u00a0M\u1ea5t th\u00ednh l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh (BPPV) hay c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a rung gi\u1eadt nh\u00e3n c\u1ea7u (electronystagmography), hay \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean hay ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1eddng quy.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 trong tai trong. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p Epley hay c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c ch\u1ed7 trong tai trong (canaliths). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd b\u1edbt g\u00e2y k\u00edch th\u00edch cho tai trong v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. V\u00ec c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa hay c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u Cawthorne, hay c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1eaft gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh trong tai trong v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea toa k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Meclizine<\/a>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea toa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t dai d\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Benzodiazepine nh\u01b0\u00a0diazepam<\/a>\u00a0c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng hay c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 g\u00e2y bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n v\u00e0 n\u00f4n. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa (cure) ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c (d\u00e2n gian) t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u1ef1 h\u1ebft sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n gian n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh (b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u Cawthorne) hay nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p Epley c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t trung \u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, cholesterol<\/a>, c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i \u0103n v\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t trong b\u1ec7nh\u00a0Meniere<\/a>. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean th\u00ec t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t n\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hay ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba tuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0110a s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb; ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p Epley \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh (BPPV) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong 90% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. D\u00f9 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t BPPV sau m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea7u trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 15% th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y. Khi ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t dai d\u1eb3ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e3o, t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng hay tai trong l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n

http:\/\/www.medicinenet.com\/vertigo_overview\/article.htm<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c xoay tr\u00f2n, b\u1eadp b\u00eanh, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt \u0111ang quay xung quanh m\u00ecnh, x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ea3 khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n y\u00ean t\u0129nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":6090,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5249,3884,5148,5149,5230],"tags":[3885,3886,4544,4543],"series":[1583],"coauthors":[1778],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCh\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t - Y H\u1ecdc C\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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