{"id":6189,"date":"2018-07-25T03:05:16","date_gmt":"2018-07-24T20:05:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/du-an-khac\/2018\/07\/25\/benh-huntington\/"},"modified":"2024-03-17T04:24:47","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T21:24:47","slug":"benh-huntington","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/benh-huntington\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh Huntington"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh Huntington l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n<\/strong> g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 <strong>tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh trong n\u00e3o b\u1ed9<\/strong>. B\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, t\u00e2m l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh Huntington ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\/xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 ho\u1eb7c 40 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n. Khi b\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ed5i 20 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh Huntington thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean. Kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t s\u1edbm th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec7nh nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<h2>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh Huntington th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng <strong>r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/strong> k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng ca b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh Huntington c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft trong v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Co gi\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd hay v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1eb1n qu\u1ea1i (m\u00faa gi\u1eadt\/chorea)<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 hay co th\u1eaft c\u01a1 (r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1)<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eaft ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e1ng b\u1ed9, t\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c nu\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft trong v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng giao ti\u1ebfp, t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd.<\/p>\n<h3>R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n<p>Khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh Huntington bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u01b0u ti\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebfu linh ho\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong m\u1ed9t suy ngh\u0129, h\u00e0nh vi hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n l\u01b0u)<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebfu suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c b\u1eeba b\u00e3i.<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy ngh\u0129 hay t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1eeb ng\u1eef di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp thu th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/h3>\n<p>R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh Hungtinton l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/tram-cam\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m<\/a>. Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh Huntington m\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n do t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e3o khi b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y k\u00edch th\u00edch (d\u1ec5 n\u00f3ng gi\u1eadn), bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1edd \u01a1<\/li>\n<li>Xa l\u00e1nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, thi\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n<li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, t\u1ef1 t\u1eed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/roi-loan-am-anh-cuong-buc-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf<\/a>:<\/strong>\u00a0m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, suy ngh\u0129 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u01b0ng c\u1ea3m:<\/strong>\u00a0g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng hoa, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1ef1 cao t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/roi-loan-luong-cuc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c<\/a>:<\/strong>\u00a0nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t thay th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 h\u01b0ng c\u1ea3m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ee5t c\u00e2n c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n Huntington, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh Huntington thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec7nh Huntington \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n s\u1edbm \u1edf d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<h3>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1ea5t ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ecdc l\u1ef1c x\u1ea5u \u0111i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Co th\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e1ng b\u1ed9 (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf)<\/li>\n<li>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef<\/li>\n<li>Run ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd nh\u1eb9<\/li>\n<li>Co gi\u1eadt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n g\u1eb7p b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/h3>\n<p>H\u00e3y g\u1eb7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ho\u1eb7c tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh Huntington c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh Huntington g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi <strong>khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n gen<\/strong>. B\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen tr\u1ed9i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 (NST) th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a gen \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c gen tr\u00ean NST gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, ch\u00fang ta th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng 2 b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gen- m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb m\u1eb9. B\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 gen b\u1ec7nh Huntington c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di truy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3n sao gen b\u1ec7nh (gen \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n sao gen l\u00e0nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 50% nguy c\u01a1 th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng gen g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<h2>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng<\/h2>\n<p>Sau khi kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh Huntington, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u1ec7 d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y t\u1eebng ca b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi b\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t cho t\u1edbi khi t\u1eed vong l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 n\u0103m. Kh\u1edfi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra t\u1eed vong trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed cao h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n Huntington th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 n\u1eb1m li\u1ec7t gi\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n b\u00e8.<\/p>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1eed vong th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi t\u00e9 ng\u00e3<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nu\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1eb9n g\u1eb7p b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/h2>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia th\u1ea7n kinh sau l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed y khoa b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c h\u1eb9n, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng- ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u201cb\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d- m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c, bao g\u1ed3m thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n (OTC) v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ed5, k\u00e8m theo li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh Huntington ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111i theo t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1eb9n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i g\u00ec t\u1eeb b\u00e1c s\u0129?<\/h3>\n<p>B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Khi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng?<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c hay gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n?<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 ai trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh Huntington ch\u01b0a?<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 ai trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng hay t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n kinh kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 ai trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 ai trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 y t\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 ai trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n hay v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u00fa \u00fd th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n?<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 t\u1eed ch\u01b0a?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh Huntington tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, th\u0103m kh\u00e1m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, xem x\u00e9t ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u0103m kh\u00e1m t\u00e2m-th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n<h3>Th\u0103m kh\u00e1m th\u1ea7n kinh<\/h3>\n<p>B\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u1ea7n kinh s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ee9c c\u01a1<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p (\u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c)<\/li>\n<li>Th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c s\u1edd ch\u1ea1m<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eaft<\/li>\n<li>Nghe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00a0X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n kinh<\/h3>\n<p>B\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u1ea7n kinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tr\u00ed nh\u1edb<\/li>\n<li>Suy lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t b\u00e1t t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/li>\n<li>Suy lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng gian<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n th\u0103m kh\u00e1m r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n cho ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/li>\n<li>K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n suy ngh\u0129<\/li>\n<li>B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e3o b\u1ed9<\/h3>\n<p>B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o. C\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh bao g\u1ed3m: MRI, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh 3-D v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e1t c\u1eaft chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e3o b\u1ed9, ho\u1eb7c CT scan, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1eaft ngang n\u00e3o b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u trong n\u00e3o do b\u1ec7nh Huntington, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<h3>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n di truy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd b\u1ec7nh Huntington, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gen b\u1ec7nh. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n di truy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m. Nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n di truy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh Huntington.<\/p>\n<h3>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n di truy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng\/ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 khi n\u00e0o b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. S\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 con.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh Huntington. Nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ed1c men c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb chung. Ngo\u00e0i ra, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n<h3>Thu\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng cho r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tetrabenazine<\/strong> (Xenazine) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p b\u1edfi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf co gi\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd v\u00e0 m\u00faa gi\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh Huntington. M\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0m t\u1ec7 th\u00eam hay k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1c g\u1ed3m bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea7n<\/strong>, nh\u01b0 Haloperidol (Haldol) v\u00e0 Chlorpromazine, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 l\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong ch\u1eefa m\u00faa gi\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ec7 th\u00eam c\u00e1c co th\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd (r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1) v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 Risperidone (Risperdal) v\u00e0 Quetiapine (Seroquel), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00edt t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1eb7ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf m\u00faa gi\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m Amantadine, Levetiracetam (Keppra), v\u00e0 clonazepam (Klonopin). \u1ede li\u1ec1u cao, Amantadine c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c trong b\u1ec7nh Huntington t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u da.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Levetiracetam bao g\u1ed3m bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, kh\u00f3 ti\u00eau v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh kh\u00ed\/t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng. Clonazepam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c trong b\u1ec7nh Huntington t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng k\u00e8m theo nguy c\u01a1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c cao.<\/p>\n<h3>Thu\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng cho r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. Ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m<\/strong><strong> (Antidepressants)<\/strong> g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 Citalopram (Celexa, Lexapro), Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), v\u00e0 Sertraline (Zoloft). Nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 khi ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m: bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7, h\u1ea1 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea7n (Antipsychotic drugs)<\/strong> nh\u01b0 Quetiapine (Seroquel), Risperidol (Risperdal) v\u00e0 Olanzapine (Zyprexa) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, k\u00edch th\u00edch, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00ednh kh\u00ed, t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thu\u1ed1c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh kh\u00ed (Mood-stabilizing drugs)<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t hung c\u1ea3m, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m trong r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m: thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng co gi\u1eadt, nh\u01b0 Valproate (Depacon), Carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Epitol, Equetro) v\u00e0 Lamotrigine (Lamictal). C\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p g\u1ed3m: t\u0103ng c\u00e2n, run v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u- m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, hay nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng (clinical social worker) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0nh vi, l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u00ec v\u1ecdng s\u1ed1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h3>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u (Speech therapy)<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh Huntington c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u01a1 mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ecdng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u00e2m, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nu\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u (speech therapy) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i n\u0103ng tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1y b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb giao ti\u1ebfp, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nu\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u (Physical therapy)<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y b\u1ea1n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00ed nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai, th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb t\u00e9 ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u00e1ng b\u1ed9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ea1ng hay xe l\u0103n, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c \u0111i b\u1ed9 sang ng\u1ed3i xe l\u0103n).<\/p>\n<h3>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u (Occupational therapy)<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m b\u1ec7nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tay v\u1ecbn \u1edf nh\u00e0<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eafm v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed3<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-12146 aligncenter\" src=\"\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/dua-va-muong-dac-biet-de-ho-tro-an-uong.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u0169a v\u00e0 mu\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng\" width=\"180\" height=\"140\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>\u0110\u0169a v\u00e0 mu\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0<\/h2>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1ec7nh Huntington c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c kh\u00e1c. Khi b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0102n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh Huntington th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong duy tr\u00ec c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed.<\/strong> Kh\u00f3 \u0103n, nhu c\u1ea7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n do g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n h\u01a1n 3 b\u1eefa \u0103n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c nhai, nu\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0103n v\u00e0o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ngh\u1eb9n.<\/strong> C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m trong b\u1eefa \u0103n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ec5 \u0103n h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00e1ch v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng h\u00fat ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2i u\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh Huntington s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/h3>\n<p>Gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh Huntington tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 xoay s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf hay h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/li>\n<li>\u01afu ti\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n nh\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ec5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0ng y\u00ean t\u0129nh, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n n\u1eafp c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t, k\u00edch th\u00edch, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, tham v\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/li>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan phi l\u01a1i nhu\u1eadn<\/strong>, nh\u01b0 H\u1ed9i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n Hungtington Hoa K\u1ef3 (HDSA), gi\u00fap gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m b\u1ec7nh, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hay d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nh\u00e0 \u1edf (n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa) v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh Huntington g\u00e2y ra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00fac g\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u00e0n lu\u1eadn s\u1edbm v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00f3i l\u00ean nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1o ra t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c l\u00fac cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 sau. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c:<\/strong>\u00a0Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf n\u1eb7ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi (Hospice):<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c l\u00fac cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ra \u0111i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Di ch\u00fac (Living wills):<\/strong>\u00a0Di ch\u00fac l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u00e1c nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb t\u00edch c\u1ef1c b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng l\u00fac cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc (Advance directives):<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh y khoa ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh Huntington, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ai c\u0169ng s\u1ebd quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c di truy\u1ec1n gene b\u1ec7nh cho con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n, vi\u1ec7c g\u1eb7p chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00edch. Nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n vi\u00ean di truy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n khi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 con ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a thay th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m gen ti\u1ec1n sinh ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee5 tinh trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi tinh tr\u00f9ng hay tr\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 tinh trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n di truy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00f4i l\u00e0m t\u1ed5. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y kh\u1ecfi bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111em th\u1ee5 tinh v\u1edbi tinh tr\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 trong \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m. Ph\u00f4i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gene Huntington, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu \u00e2m t\u00ednh (t\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3) gene Huntington th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o t\u1eed cung c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/huntingtons-disease\/basics\/coping-support\/con-20030685\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/huntingtons-disease\/basics\/coping-support\/con-20030685<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ec7nh Huntington l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh trong n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":108,"featured_media":6190,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3884,5249,5148,5149,5230],"tags":[4028,4591,3885],"series":[1583],"coauthors":[1441],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>B\u1ec7nh Huntington - Y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u1ec7nh Huntington l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh trong n\u00e3o b\u1ed9.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/benh-huntington\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"B\u1ec7nh Huntington - Y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"B\u1ec7nh Huntington l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh trong n\u00e3o b\u1ed9.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/benh-huntington\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"D\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"http:\/\/facebook.com\/beequy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-07-24T20:05:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-16T21:24:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/du-an-khac\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/12\/benh-huntington.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"BS.TS. 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