{"id":1542,"date":"2015-08-21T17:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-08-21T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/du-an-khoa-nhi\/2016\/02\/29\/tivi-anh-huong-den-tre-em-nhu-the-nao\/"},"modified":"2024-03-04T13:46:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T06:46:58","slug":"tivi-anh-huong-den-tre-em-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/nhi-khoa\/tivi-anh-huong-den-tre-em-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"Tivi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb em nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb em b\u01b0\u1edbc v&agrave;o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a tivi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch&uacute;ng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nghi&ecirc;n c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i ch\u0103m s&oacute;c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe gia \u0111&igrave;nh kaiser (ti\u1ebfng anh l&agrave; &quot;kaiser family foundation&quot;) cho th\u1ea5y: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>2\/3 tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v&agrave; tr\u1ebb t\u1eadp \u0111i nh&igrave;n v&agrave;o m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh trung b&igrave;nh 2 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng&agrave;y.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 6 tu\u1ed5i xem trung b&igrave;nh kho\u1ea3ng 2 gi\u1edd c&aacute;c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th&ocirc;ng m\u1ed9t ng&agrave;y, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l&agrave; tivi, video hay dvd.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ebb em v&agrave; thanh thi\u1ebfu ni&ecirc;n t\u1eeb 8 \u0111\u1ebfn 18 tu\u1ed5i d&agrave;nh g\u1ea7n 4 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ng&agrave;y tr\u01b0\u1edbc m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh tivi v&agrave; th&ecirc;m g\u1ea7n 2 gi\u1edd v\u1edbi m&aacute;y t&iacute;nh (ngo&agrave;i th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc) v&agrave; ch\u01a1i game.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7n h&agrave;n l&acirc;m nhi khoa m\u1ef9 (ti\u1ebfng anh l&agrave; &quot;american academy of pediatrics&quot;, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l&agrave; &quot;app&quot;) khuy\u1ebfn c&aacute;o r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 tu\u1ed5i kh&ocirc;ng n&ecirc;n xem b\u1ea5t k&igrave; ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi n&agrave;o v&agrave; tr\u1ebb em l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 2 tu\u1ed5i kh&ocirc;ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem qu&aacute; 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ng&agrave;y.<\/p>\n<p>Hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti&ecirc;n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l&agrave; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ef1 ph&aacute;t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n&atilde;o b\u1ed9. Tivi v&agrave; c&aacute;c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th&ocirc;ng kh&aacute;c c&oacute; th\u1ec3 l&agrave;m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh kh&aacute;m ph&aacute;, ch\u01a1i, ti\u1ebfp x&uacute;c v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 v&agrave; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. \u0110&acirc;y l&agrave; nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng gi&uacute;p tr\u1ebb h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, ph&aacute;t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v&agrave; c&aacute;c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 x&atilde; h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<p>Khi tr\u1ebb em l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n l&ecirc;n, vi\u1ec7c d&agrave;nh qu&aacute; nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c&aacute;c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ecdc s&aacute;ch, l&agrave;m b&agrave;i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh&agrave;, ch\u01a1i c&ugrave;ng b\u1ea1n v&agrave; d&agrave;nh th\u1eddi gian cho gia \u0111&igrave;nh.<\/p>\n<p>D\u0129 nhi&ecirc;n vi\u1ec7c xem tivi c&oacute; ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i l&agrave; m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t: tr\u1ebb em m\u1eabu gi&aacute;o c&oacute; th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc b\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c&aacute;i tr&ecirc;n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi, h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc c&oacute; th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hoang d&atilde; tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 nhi&ecirc;n, v&agrave; nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc cha m\u1eb9 c&oacute; th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi c&aacute;c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra th&ocirc;ng qua c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tin t\u1ee9c v&agrave;o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i. Ch&uacute;ng ta kh&ocirc;ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng tivi l&agrave; c\u0169ng c&oacute; th\u1ec3 l&agrave; m\u1ed9t c&ocirc;ng c\u1ee5 gi&aacute;o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t v&agrave; l&agrave; ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ea3i tr&iacute; cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng b&ecirc;n c\u1ea1nh c&aacute;c l\u1ee3i &iacute;ch th&igrave; vi\u1ec7c xem tivi qu&aacute; nhi\u1ec1u c\u0169ng kh&ocirc;ng t\u1ed1t:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb em d&agrave;nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 4 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ng&agrave;y \u0111\u1ec3 xem tivi th\u01b0\u1eddng c&oacute; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb b&eacute;o ph&igrave;.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb hay xem c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c tr&ecirc;n tivi th\u01b0\u1eddng c&oacute; nh\u1eefng h&agrave;nh vi hung h\u0103ng v&agrave; c&oacute; th\u1ec3 lu&ocirc;n lo r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi r\u1ea5t \u0111&aacute;ng s\u1ee3 v&agrave; s\u1ebd c&oacute; nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ch&uacute;ng.<\/li>\n<li>C&aacute;c nh&acirc;n v\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh th\u01b0\u1eddng m&ocirc; t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h&agrave;nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 h&uacute;t thu\u1ed1c, u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u v&agrave; c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 kh&aacute;c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t&iacute;nh v&agrave; c&aacute;c khu&ocirc;n m\u1eabu s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ebb em l\u1ea1i c&oacute; c&aacute;c &yacute; ki\u1ebfn kh&aacute;c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y&ecirc;u c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n xem c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh gi&aacute;o d\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh&aacute;c l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng n&oacute;i kh&ocirc;ng v\u1edbi tivi l&agrave; t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ngo&agrave;i ra c\u0169ng c&oacute; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n&oacute;i r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1ebft l&agrave; c&aacute;c b\u1eadc ph\u1ee5 huynh n&ecirc;n ki\u1ec3m so&aacute;t vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tivi c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v&agrave; d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb r\u1eb1ng tivi l&agrave; \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr&iacute;, ch\u1ee9 kh&ocirc;ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>T&oacute;m l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so&aacute;t n\u1ed9i dung c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi m&agrave; tr\u1ebb xem l&agrave; r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v&agrave; cha m\u1eb9 n&ecirc;n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian xem tivi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ebb kh&ocirc;ng d&agrave;nh qu&aacute; nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc tivi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"bao-luc\">B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n<p>H&atilde;y nh&igrave;n s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u1ec3 h&igrave;nh dung bao nhi&ecirc;u c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c tr\u1ebb c&oacute; th\u1ec3 xem tr&ecirc;n tivi: cho \u0111\u1ebfn 18 tu\u1ed5i trung b&igrave;nh tr\u1ebb em \u1edf M\u1ef9 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn 200.000 h&agrave;nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c tr&ecirc;n tivi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n&agrave;y c&oacute; th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb v&ocirc; c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v&agrave; tr\u1edf n&ecirc;n hung h\u0103ng. B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c tr&ecirc;n tivi \u0111&ocirc;i l&uacute;c khuy\u1ebfn kh&iacute;ch tr\u1ebb b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc, v&igrave; b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c&aacute;ch gi\u1ea3i tr&iacute; v&agrave; l&agrave; c&aacute;ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g&igrave; m&igrave;nh mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u h&agrave;nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng do &quot;ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t&quot; g&acirc;y ra, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m&agrave; tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th&agrave;nh. M\u1eb7c d&ugrave; cha m\u1eb9 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb r\u1eb1ng \u0111&aacute;nh nhau l&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng tr&ecirc;n tivi l\u1ea1i n&oacute;i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu m&igrave;nh l&agrave; ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t th&igrave; c&oacute; \u0111&aacute;nh nhau c\u0169ng kh&ocirc;ng sao. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111&oacute; l&agrave;m tr\u1ebb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph&acirc;n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111&uacute;ng v&agrave; sai. V&agrave; nh\u1eefng &quot;k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u&quot; tr&ecirc;n tivi th&igrave; th\u01b0\u1eddng kh&ocirc;ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr&aacute;ch nhi\u1ec7m hay h&igrave;nh ph\u1ea1t cho nh\u1eefng h&agrave;nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m&agrave; h\u1ecd g&acirc;y ra.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf tu\u1ed5i d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng h&igrave;nh \u1ea3nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v&agrave; \u0111&aacute;ng s\u1ee3. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th&iacute;ch v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h&igrave;nh \u1ea3nh \u0111&oacute; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; th\u1eadt kh&ocirc;ng th\u1ec3 an \u1ee7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch&uacute;ng, b\u1edfi tr\u1ebb qu&aacute; nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 c&oacute; th\u1ec3 ph&acirc;n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh&aacute;c nhau gi\u1eefa t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v&agrave; th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Tr\u1ebb c&oacute; th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h&agrave;nh vi, &aacute;c m\u1ed9ng v&agrave; kh&oacute; ng\u1ee7 do xem b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th&ocirc;ng.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb em l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u0169ng c&oacute; th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c&aacute;c h&igrave;nh \u1ea3nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u, tin t\u1ee9c hay c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Tr\u1ebb trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i n&agrave;y c&oacute; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l&yacute; gi\u1ea3i, v&igrave; th\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th&iacute;ch s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch&uacute;ng kh&ocirc;ng s\u1ee3 h&atilde;i. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1ebft l&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng n&ecirc;n cho tr\u1ebb xem nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh m&agrave; c&oacute; th\u1ec3 l&agrave;m cho ch&uacute;ng s\u1ee3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cac-hanh-vi-nguy-hiem\">C&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi nguy hi\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n<p>Tr&ecirc;n tivi \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh v&agrave; qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o m&ocirc; t\u1ea3 c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi nguy hi\u1ec3m (nh\u01b0 u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u bia, h&uacute;t thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n, h&uacute;t thu\u1ed1c, quan h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft h&ocirc;n) l&agrave; vui, th&uacute; v\u1ecb v&agrave; s&agrave;nh \u0111i\u1ec7u&nbsp;v&agrave; th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; b\u1ea5t k&igrave; m&ocirc; t\u1ea3 n&agrave;o v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h&agrave;nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n&agrave;y.<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u nghi&ecirc;n c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th&agrave;nh ni&ecirc;n xem nhi\u1ec1u c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh v\u1ec1 t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quan h\u1ec7 t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n b&egrave; c&ugrave;ng trang l\u1ee9a kh&ocirc;ng xem c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh v\u1ec1 t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c&oacute; c\u1ed3n tr&ecirc;n truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh t\u0103ng l&ecirc;n \u0111&aacute;ng k\u1ec3 trong v&agrave;i n\u0103m qua v&agrave; ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th&agrave;nh ni&ecirc;n xem c&aacute;c qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o n&agrave;y. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c nghi&ecirc;n c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111&acirc;y c\u1ee7a trung t&acirc;m th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c&oacute; c\u1ed3n v&agrave; thanh thi\u1ebfu ni&ecirc;n (ti\u1ebfng anh l&agrave; &quot;center on alcohol marketing and youth&quot;, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l&agrave; &quot;camy&quot;) cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thanh thi\u1ebfu ni&ecirc;n xem qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c&oacute; c\u1ed3n tr&ecirc;n tivi t\u0103ng l&ecirc;n 30% t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2001 \u0111\u1ebfn 2006.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d&ugrave; qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c l&aacute; \u0111&atilde; b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m tr&ecirc;n tivi, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ebb em v&agrave; tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th&agrave;nh ni&ecirc;n v\u1eabn c&oacute; th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h&uacute;t thu\u1ed1c tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh v&agrave; phim ph&aacute;t s&oacute;ng tr&ecirc;n truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n&agrave;y l&agrave;m cho c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi nh\u01b0 h&uacute;t thu\u1ed1c v&agrave; u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l&agrave; c&oacute; th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tr&ecirc;n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, tr\u1ebb em xem tivi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 5 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ng&agrave;y d\u1ec5 c&oacute; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h&uacute;t thu\u1ed1c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb xem &iacute;t h\u01a1n 2 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ng&agrave;y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"beo-phi\">B&eacute;o ph&igrave;<\/h2>\n<p>C&aacute;c chuy&ecirc;n gia s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1eeb l&acirc;u \u0111&atilde; kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi gian xem tivi v&agrave; b\u1ec7nh b&eacute;o ph&igrave; &ndash; c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1eddi nay. Vi\u1ec7c xem tivi l&agrave;m gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v&agrave; tr\u1ebb c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n v\u1eb7t khi xem tivi. Ch&uacute;ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c&ocirc;ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o khuy\u1ebfn kh&iacute;ch \u0103n c&aacute;c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n kh&ocirc;ng t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u01b0 khoai t&acirc;y chi&ecirc;n, v&agrave; u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n<p>C&aacute;c nghi&ecirc;n c\u1ee9u \u0111&atilde; cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ebb xem tivi s\u1ebd gi&uacute;p gi\u1ea3m t\u0103ng c&acirc;n v&agrave; gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (ti\u1ebfng anh l&agrave; &quot;body mass index&quot;, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l&agrave; &quot;bmi&quot; &ndash; \u0111&acirc;y l&agrave; m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph&aacute;p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 b&eacute;o ph&igrave; d\u1ef1a tr&ecirc;n chi\u1ec1u cao v&agrave; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"quang-cao\">Qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00e9 xem ti vi\" src=\"\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/Documents\/2861_xemtivi.jpg\" style=\"width: 300px; height: 225px;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Theo vi\u1ec7n h&agrave;n l&acirc;m nhi khoa m\u1ef9 (ti\u1ebfng anh l&agrave; &quot;american academy of pediatrics&quot;), tr\u1ebb em \u1edf M\u1ef9 xem 40.000 qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.&nbsp;Tr\u1ebb em trong m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i b\u1ecb bao v&acirc;y b\u1edfi h&agrave;ng tr\u0103m ngh&igrave;n qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o, t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n v\u1eb7t v&agrave; \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i xen v&agrave;o phim ho\u1ea1t h&igrave;nh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khuy\u1ebfn m&atilde;i h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn tr&ecirc;n m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111&oacute; \u0111\u1ec1u tr&ocirc;ng l&yacute; t\u01b0\u1edfng v&agrave; t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o \u0111\u1ec1u c&oacute; v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, v&agrave; th\u01b0\u1eddng th&igrave; ch&uacute;ng tr&ocirc;ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi 8 tu\u1ed5i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em kh&ocirc;ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o ch\u1ec9 l&agrave; m\u1ed9t h&igrave;nh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh&iacute;ch mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.&nbsp;Tr\u1ebb em t\u1eeb 6 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng kh&ocirc;ng th\u1ec3 ph&acirc;n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh v&agrave; qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o xen v&agrave;o, nh\u1ea5t l&agrave; khi nh&acirc;n v\u1eadt y&ecirc;u th&iacute;ch c\u1ee7a ch&uacute;ng l\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng b&aacute; cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111&iacute;ch c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea5t nhi&ecirc;n, ch&uacute;ng ta kh&ocirc;ng th\u1ec3 tho&aacute;t kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o.&nbsp;Cha m\u1eb9 c&oacute; th\u1ec3 t\u1eaft tivi ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian xem tivi c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng ch&uacute;ng v\u1eabn s\u1ebd nh&igrave;n th\u1ea5y v&agrave; nghe th\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o v\u1ec1 c&aacute;c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng g&igrave; cha m\u1eb9&nbsp;c&oacute; th\u1ec3 l&agrave;m l&agrave; d\u1ea1y cho tr\u1ebb em hi\u1ec3u th&ocirc;ng qua vi\u1ec7c n&oacute;i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c&aacute;c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o tr&ecirc;n truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh.&nbsp;H\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c&acirc;u h\u1ecfi k&iacute;ch th&iacute;ch t\u01b0 duy nh\u01b0 l&agrave;, &quot;con th&iacute;ch \u0111i\u1ec1u g&igrave; v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111&oacute;?&quot;, &quot;con c&oacute; ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n&oacute; th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 trong qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o hay kh&ocirc;ng?&quot; v&agrave; &quot;con c&oacute; ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111&oacute; l&agrave; m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb kh&ocirc;ng?&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>Khi tr\u1ebb con \u0111&ograve;i m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o, b\u1ea1n h&atilde;y gi\u1ea3i th&iacute;ch r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o l&agrave;m ra \u0111\u1ec3 l&agrave;m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u1ecd kh&ocirc;ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n. Qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o th\u01b0\u1eddng l&agrave;m cho ch&uacute;ng ta ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c&aacute;c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n&agrave;y s\u1ebd l&agrave;m cho ch&uacute;ng ta h\u1ea1nh ph&uacute;c h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c&aacute;ch n&agrave;o \u0111&oacute;.&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c n&oacute;i s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c cho tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd gi&uacute;p tr\u1ebb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u1ebb em ti\u1ebfp x&uacute;c v\u1edbi c&aacute;c qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh, vi\u1ec7n h&agrave;n l&acirc;m nhi khoa m\u1ef9 khuy\u1ebfn c&aacute;o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H&atilde;y \u0111\u1ec3 con xem c&aacute;c \u0111&agrave;i truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t&agrave;i tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c&aacute;c c&ocirc;ng ty kh&aacute;c nhau, m\u1eb7c d&ugrave; nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ecd b&aacute;n hi\u1ebfm khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr&ecirc;n tivi).<\/li>\n<li>Ghi h&igrave;nh c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh l\u1ea1i v&agrave; c\u1eaft ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o.<\/li>\n<li>Mua ho\u1eb7c thu&ecirc; video hay dvd c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"hieu-ve-phan-loai-chuong-trinh-tivi-va-cac-v-chip\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi v&agrave; c&aacute;c V-Chip<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">C&oacute; hai c&aacute;ch gi&uacute;p b\u1ea1n theo d&otilde;i nh\u1eefng g&igrave; con b\u1ea1n xem: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi. <\/strong> \u0110&acirc;y l&agrave; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi m&ocirc; ph\u1ecfng theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i phim.&nbsp;C&aacute;c ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i n&agrave;y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k&ecirc; \u1edf s&aacute;ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh, danh s&aacute;ch k&ecirc;nh truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh tr&ecirc;n b&aacute;o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v&agrave; tr&ecirc;n m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh c&aacute;p. Ch&uacute;ng c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf b&ecirc;n tr&aacute;i ph&iacute;a tr&ecirc;n m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh trong v&ograve;ng 15 gi&acirc;y \u0111\u1ea7u ti&ecirc;n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh. Kh&ocirc;ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c&aacute;c k&ecirc;nh \u0111\u1ec1u c&oacute; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i n&agrave;y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k&ecirc;nh c&oacute; ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i th&igrave; k&yacute; hi\u1ec7u ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i l&agrave; nh\u01b0 sau:\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"><strong>TV-Y: <\/strong> th&iacute;ch h\u1ee3p cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>TV-Y7: <\/strong> d&agrave;nh cho tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 7 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l&ecirc;n (t\u1eeb l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i n&agrave;y tr\u1ebb c&oacute; th\u1ec3 ph&acirc;n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng chuy\u1ec7n v&agrave; th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf);&nbsp;c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh n&agrave;y c&oacute; th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c trong t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c h&agrave;i h\u01b0\u1edbc m&agrave; tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n s\u1ebd s\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>TV-Y7-FV: <\/strong> ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh TV-Y7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>TV-G: <\/strong> th&iacute;ch h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ecdi kh&aacute;n gi\u1ea3;&nbsp;kh&ocirc;ng d&agrave;nh ri&ecirc;ng cho tr\u1ebb em, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee9a &iacute;t ho\u1eb7c kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c, ho\u1eb7c ng&ocirc;n ng\u1eef qu&aacute; kh&iacute;ch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>TV-PG: <\/strong> cha m\u1eb9 n&ecirc;n ki\u1ec3m so&aacute;t;&nbsp;c&oacute; th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh&ocirc;ng ph&ugrave; h\u1ee3p cho tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0: c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 trung b&igrave;nh (V), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3nh ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed9i dung t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c (S), \u0111&ocirc;i l&uacute;c c&oacute; ch\u1ee9a ng&ocirc;n ng\u1eef qu&aacute; kh&iacute;ch (L), v&agrave; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng&ocirc;n ng\u1eef kh&ecirc;u g\u1ee3i (D).<\/li>\n<li><strong>TV-14: <\/strong> cha m\u1eb9 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft n&ecirc;n ki\u1ec3m so&aacute;t &#8211; ch\u1ec9 ph&ugrave; h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb tr&ecirc;n 14 tu\u1ed5i;&nbsp;nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh n&agrave;y c&oacute; ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u sau \u0111&acirc;y: b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao (V), c&aacute;c t&igrave;nh hu\u1ed1ng t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao (S), ng&ocirc;n ng\u1eef qu&aacute; kh&iacute;ch (L), v&agrave; nhi\u1ec1u ng&ocirc;n ng\u1eef kh&ecirc;u g\u1ee3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>TV-MA: <\/strong> c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tr&ecirc;n k&ecirc;nh n&agrave;y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d&agrave;nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v&agrave; c&oacute; th\u1ec3 kh&ocirc;ng ph&ugrave; h\u1ee3p cho tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 17 tu\u1ed5i;&nbsp;th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sau \u0111&acirc;y: b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 (V), nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3nh ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed9i dung t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c (S), ho\u1eb7c ng&ocirc;n ng\u1eef th&ocirc; b\u1ea1o (L).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>V-chip (V l&agrave; t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Anh &quot;violence&quot;, ngh\u0129a l&agrave; &quot;b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c&quot;). <\/strong> C&ocirc;ng ngh\u1ec7 n&agrave;y cho ph&eacute;p b\u1ea1n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh truy\u1ec1n h&igrave;nh v&agrave; phim tr&ecirc;n tivi m&agrave; b\u1ea1n kh&ocirc;ng mu\u1ed1n con b\u1ea1n xem.&nbsp;T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c&aacute;c tivi m\u1edbi c&oacute; m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh 13 inch ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u1edd \u0111&acirc;y th\u01b0\u1eddng c&oacute; s\u1eb5n V-chip b&ecirc;n trong, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tivi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2000 th&igrave; c&oacute; th\u1ec3 c&agrave;i h\u1ed9p V-chip b&ecirc;n ngo&agrave;i. V\u1edbi V-chip cha m\u1eb9 c&oacute; th\u1ec3 c&agrave;i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh TV th&iacute;ch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a con v&agrave; ch\u1eb7n c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh kh&ocirc;ng th&iacute;ch h\u1ee3p. \u1ee6y ban Truy\u1ec1n th&ocirc;ng Li&ecirc;n bang M\u1ef9 (ti\u1ebfng Anh l&agrave; &quot;Federal Communications Commission&quot;, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l&agrave; &quot;FCC&quot;) y&ecirc;u c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng V-chips trong c&aacute;c TV \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v&agrave; ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh kh&ocirc;ng tu&acirc;n th\u1ee7 theo c&aacute;c ti&ecirc;u chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn cha m\u1eb9, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i tivi v&agrave; V-chip c&oacute; th\u1ec3 l&agrave; nh\u1eefng c&ocirc;ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu &iacute;ch.&nbsp;Nh\u01b0ng c&oacute; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n&agrave;y c&oacute; th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n l&agrave; khi kh&ocirc;ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.&nbsp;V&iacute; d\u1ee5, nghi&ecirc;n c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng con trai tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay trong tu\u1ed5i v\u1ecb th&agrave;nh ni&ecirc;n th\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1n xem nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn (ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i MA) h\u01a1n l&agrave; nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i PG. V&agrave; cha m\u1eb9 c&oacute; th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c qu&aacute; nhi\u1ec1u v&agrave;o nh\u1eefng c&ocirc;ng c\u1ee5 n&agrave;y m&agrave; ng\u1eebng gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh m&agrave; con c&aacute;i xem.<\/p>\n<p>Th&ecirc;m v&agrave;o \u0111&oacute;, tin t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi s\u1ef1, th\u1ec3 thao, qu\u1ea3ng c&aacute;o th&igrave; kh&ocirc;ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i, <span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> m\u1eb7c d&ugrave; c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh n&agrave;y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v&agrave; t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i kh&ocirc;ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 th&ocirc;ng tin v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh \u0111\u1ec3 cha m\u1eb9 c&oacute; th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh n&agrave;o \u0111&oacute; c&oacute; th&iacute;ch h\u1ee3p cho con c\u1ee7a m&igrave;nh hay kh&ocirc;ng. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">V&igrave; v\u1eady, ngay c\u1ea3 khi cha m\u1eb9 \u0111&atilde; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng V-chip hay m\u1ed9t t&iacute;nh n\u0103ng c&oacute; hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ph&acirc;n lo\u1ea1i tivi, th&igrave; v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc li\u1ec7u ch&uacute;ng c&oacute; ph&ugrave; h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi con hay kh&ocirc;ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eaft TV n\u1ebfu kh&ocirc;ng ph&ugrave; h\u1ee3p. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"day-tre-co-thoi-quen-tot-khi-xem-tivi\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">D\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb c&oacute; th&oacute;i quen t\u1ed1t khi xem tivi <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"D\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb xem ti vi l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh\" src=\"\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/Documents\/2862_giup-tre-hinh-thanh-thoi-quen-xem-tivi-lanh-manh.jpg\" style=\"width: 350px; height: 233px;\" \/> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111&acirc;y l&agrave; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c&aacute;ch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 l&agrave;m cho vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ebb xem tivi \u1edf nh&agrave; c&oacute; hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1edbi&nbsp;h\u1ea1n&nbsp;s\u1ed1&nbsp;gi\u1edd&nbsp;m&agrave; tr\u1ebb xem tivi <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u0103n ph&ograve;ng n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t tivi c&oacute; nhi\u1ec1u tr&ograve; ch\u01a1i gi\u1ea3i tr&iacute; kh&ocirc;ng c\u1ea7n m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh (nh\u01b0 l&agrave; s&aacute;ch hay t\u1ea1p ch&iacute; d&agrave;nh cho thi\u1ebfu nhi, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, x\u1ebfp h&igrave;nh, b&agrave;n c\u1edd&hellip;.) \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh&iacute;ch tr\u1ebb l&agrave;m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g&igrave; \u0111&oacute; kh&aacute;c thay v&igrave; t\u1eadp trung v&agrave;o xem tivi.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7t tivi hay internet ngo&agrave;i ph&ograve;ng ng\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1eaft tivi trong b\u1eefa \u0103n.<\/li>\n<li>Kh&ocirc;ng cho ph&eacute;p tr\u1ebb em xem tivi trong khi l&agrave;m b&agrave;i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh&agrave;.<\/li>\n<li>H&atilde;y xem tivi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng.&nbsp;Cha m\u1eb9 n&ecirc;n \u0111\u1eb7t ra c&aacute;c quy t\u1eafc trong gia \u0111&igrave;nh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c xem tivi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c&oacute; th\u1ec3 xem tivi sau khi ho&agrave;n th&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng vi\u1ec7c nh&agrave; v&agrave; b&agrave;i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh&agrave;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>H&atilde;y th\u1eed m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n c\u1ea5m xem tivi cho m\u1ecdi th&agrave;nh vi&ecirc;n trong gia \u0111&igrave;nh. <\/strong> B&agrave;i t\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c&aacute;c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 thao, v&agrave; s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng c&ocirc;ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t&igrave;m th\u1eddi gian qu&acirc;y qu\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 gia \u0111&igrave;nh nh\u1eefng ng&agrave;y th\u01b0\u1eddng trong tu\u1ea7n kh&oacute; kh\u0103n.&nbsp;Tuy nhi&ecirc;n b\u1eb1ng c&aacute;ch ghi &acirc;m l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi trong tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 xem v&agrave;o cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 d&agrave;nh th\u1eddi gian xem tivi v&agrave;o cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n, c\u1ea3 gia \u0111&igrave;nh s\u1ebd c&oacute; th&ecirc;m th\u1eddi gian b&ecirc;n nhau trong c&aacute;c b\u1eefa \u0103n, tr&ograve; ch\u01a1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, v&agrave; \u0111\u1ecdc s&aacute;ch v&agrave;o nh\u1eefng ng&agrave;y th\u01b0\u1eddng trong tu\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch&iacute;nh b\u1ea1n h&atilde;y l&agrave;m g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi: <\/strong> b\u1eb1ng c&aacute;ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u1eddi gian xem tivi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc danh s&aacute;ch c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh tivi <\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ra c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh m&agrave; c\u1ea3 gia \u0111&igrave;nh c&oacute; th\u1ec3 xem c&ugrave;ng nhau (v&iacute; d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh ph&ugrave; h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i ph&aacute;t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a con, kh&ocirc;ng ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, v&agrave; nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 gi&aacute; tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gia \u0111&igrave;nh).&nbsp;C\u0169ng n&ecirc;n ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh c&oacute; t&iacute;nh ch\u1ea5t gi&aacute;o d\u1ee5c, k&iacute;ch th&iacute;ch t&iacute;nh hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc v&agrave; s\u1ef1 h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh s\u1edf th&iacute;ch (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc s&aacute;ch, khoa h\u1ecdc, vv).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed9i d\u1ee5ng c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh <\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi con xem<\/li>\n<li><strong>H&atilde;y s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ecbch xem tivi trong gia \u0111&igrave;nh <\/strong> b\u1eb1ng c&aacute;ch li\u1ec7t k&ecirc; c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem theo t\u1eebng tu\u1ea7n.&nbsp;Sau \u0111&oacute;, d&aacute;n l\u1ecbch \u0111&oacute; l&ecirc;n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 d\u1ec5 nh&igrave;n th\u1ea5y (nh\u01b0 tr&ecirc;n c\u1eeda t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi th&agrave;nh vi&ecirc;n gia \u0111&igrave;nh bi\u1ebft ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh n&agrave;o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem v&agrave; khi n&agrave;o th&igrave; xem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.&nbsp;V&agrave; n&ecirc;n t\u1eaft tivi khi \u0111&atilde; xem h\u1ebft l\u1ecbch thay v&igrave; t&igrave;m k&ecirc;nh kh&aacute;c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong gia \u0111&igrave;nh n&ecirc;n xem tivi c&ugrave;ng nhau. <\/strong> N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh&ocirc;ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i xem to&agrave;n b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh, th&igrave; &iacute;t nh\u1ea5t l&agrave; n&ecirc;n xem v&agrave;i ph&uacute;t \u0111\u1ea7u ti&ecirc;n \u0111\u1ec3 xem n&oacute; c&oacute; th&iacute;ch h\u1ee3p cho con c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay kh&ocirc;ng, sau \u0111&oacute; th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1eefa ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N&oacute;i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi con v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g&igrave; ch&uacute;ng nh&igrave;n th\u1ea5y tr&ecirc;n tivi <\/strong> v&agrave; cho con bi\u1ebft suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ri&ecirc;ng b\u1ea1n.&nbsp;N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c&aacute;i g&igrave; \u0111&oacute; b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y kh&ocirc;ng ph&ugrave; h\u1ee3p cho con xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr&ecirc;n m&agrave;n h&igrave;nh, b\u1ea1n c&oacute; th\u1ec3 t\u1eaft tivi, sau \u0111&oacute; \u0111\u1eb7t c&acirc;u h\u1ecfi k&iacute;ch th&iacute;ch t\u01b0 duy nh\u01b0: &quot;Con c&oacute; ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n&oacute; th&iacute;ch h\u1ee3p khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111&agrave;n &ocirc;ng \u0111&oacute; \u0111&aacute;nh nhau? H\u1ecd c&oacute; th\u1ec3 l&agrave;m g&igrave; kh&aacute;c n\u1eefa kh&ocirc;ng? N\u1ebfu l&agrave; con th&igrave; con s\u1ebd l&agrave;m g&igrave;?&quot;.&nbsp;Ho\u1eb7c l&agrave; &quot;Con ngh\u0129 g&igrave; v\u1ec1 c&aacute;ch m&agrave; nh\u1eefng thanh thi\u1ebfu ni&ecirc;n \u0111&atilde; h&agrave;nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c \u0111&oacute;? Con c&oacute; ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g&igrave; h\u1ecd \u0111ang l&agrave;m l&agrave; sai tr&aacute;i?&quot;&nbsp;N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t v&agrave;i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh&acirc;n v\u1eadt b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111&atilde;i hay ph&acirc;n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed, b\u1ea1n n&ecirc;n n&oacute;i v\u1ec1 l&yacute; do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c ch&uacute;ng ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c&ocirc;ng b\u1eb1ng l&agrave; quan tr\u1ecdng, cho d&ugrave; h\u1ecd c&oacute; kh&aacute;c ch&uacute;ng ta nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n&agrave;o.&nbsp;B\u1ea1n c&oacute; th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tivi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th&iacute;ch t&igrave;nh hu\u1ed1ng kh&oacute; hi\u1ec3u v&agrave; th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m x&uacute;c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m (quan h\u1ec7 t&igrave;nh d\u1ee5c, t&igrave;nh y&ecirc;u, ma t&uacute;y, r\u01b0\u1ee3u, thu\u1ed1c l&aacute;, c&ocirc;ng vi\u1ec7c, h&agrave;nh vi, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111&igrave;nh).<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea1n c&oacute; th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o &yacute; ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c&aacute;c b\u1eadc ph\u1ee5 huynh kh&aacute;c, b&aacute;c s\u0129, v&agrave; gi&aacute;o vi&ecirc;n <\/strong> v\u1ec1 c&aacute;ch qu\u1ea3n l&iacute; th\u1eddi gian con xem tivi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v&agrave; c&aacute;c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr&igrave;nh m&agrave; h\u1ecd cho l&agrave; t\u1ed1t cho tr\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T&igrave;m nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th&uacute; v\u1ecb thay v&igrave; xem tivi. <\/strong> N\u1ebfu con mu\u1ed1n xem tivi nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1eaft ch&uacute;ng, b\u1ea1n c&oacute; th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i &yacute; ch\u01a1i c\u1edd, ch\u01a1i tr\u1ed1n t&igrave;m, ch\u01a1i \u1edf b&ecirc;n ngo&agrave;i, \u0111\u1ecdc, hay l&agrave;m \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7 c&ocirc;ng, ho\u1eb7c nghe nh\u1ea1c v&agrave; nh\u1ea3y. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th&uacute; v\u1ecb kh&ocirc;ng d&ugrave;ng tivi l&agrave; v&ocirc; t\u1eadn &#8211; do \u0111&oacute; h&atilde;y t\u1eaft tivi v&agrave; t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1eddi gian vui v\u1ebb c&oacute; &iacute;ch b&ecirc;n nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><strong><span style=\"color:#006400;\">T&agrave;i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o <\/span> <\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/familydoctor.org\/familydoctor\/en\/kids\/home-safety\/how-tv-affects-your-child.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/familydoctor.org\/familydoctor\/en\/kids\/home-safety\/how-tv-affects-your-child.html <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb em b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a tivi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7c xem tivi c\u00f3 ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t, tuy nhi\u00ean xem tivi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":218,"featured_media":1544,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6095],"tags":[4189],"series":[1950],"coauthors":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tivi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb em nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? 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