{"id":3886,"date":"2018-04-15T12:48:47","date_gmt":"2018-04-15T05:48:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/san-phu-khoa\/lam-gi-khi-phat-hien-nhiem-hiv-khi-mang-thai\/"},"modified":"2024-04-28T23:50:20","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T16:50:20","slug":"lam-gi-khi-phat-hien-nhiem-hiv-khi-mang-thai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/san-phu-khoa\/lam-gi-khi-phat-hien-nhiem-hiv-khi-mang-thai\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0i 27 &#8211; L\u00e0m g\u00ec khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi c\u00f3 thai?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cCon tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 c\u00e1i neo gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9&#8230;\u201d (Sophocles &#8211; Pheadra). \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn sinh m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con &#8211; m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m HIV (Human immunodeficency virus). Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh can \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u00e0m g\u00ec khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi c\u00f3 thai?<\/h2>\n<p>Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2013 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 243\/100.000 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1; c\u00f3 65.133 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1eed vong do AIDS. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nh\u00f3m 30 &#8211; 39 tu\u1ed5i &#8211; thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i sinh s\u1ea3n. T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention &#8211; CDC), m\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 40.000 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi m\u1eafc nhi\u1ec5m HIV v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 138 tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb m\u1eb9. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng vir\u00fat (antiretroviral treatment &#8211; ART) cho b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 25% xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 2%, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng zidovudine trong chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 v\u00e0 24 &#8211; 48 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u sau sinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m cho tr\u1ebb, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 10%. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb khi b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m HIV l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro cho tr\u1ebb trong su\u1ed1t thai k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t HIV cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 mang thai?<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00f3\u201d, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thai ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec5m HIV nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m th\u01b0\u1eddng quy trong thai k\u1ef3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 (ACOG, 2011). N\u1ebfu thai ph\u1ee5 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u00e2m t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i trong thai k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y. Theo khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 khoa Hoa K\u1ef3 (ACOG), x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm ngay khi ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 thai, trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u thai k\u1ef3. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u1edf tam c\u00e1 nguy\u1ec7t cu\u1ed1i khi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf nh\u1eefng thai ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 cao ho\u1eb7c thai ph\u1ee5 \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV cao. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec5m HIV, c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1: x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh, t\u00ecm kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng HIV (ELISA) d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh, Western blot ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch hu\u1ef3nh quang (IFA) d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ELISA d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec5m HIV n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Western blot hay IFA d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ELISA v\u00e0 IFA hay Western blot &gt;99%. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 khi c\u1ea3 hai th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh l\u00e0 1\/59.000 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu ELISA d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh m\u00e0 Western blot ho\u1eb7c IFA \u00e2m t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nhi\u1ec5m HIV, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-15894 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/san-phu-khoa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/04\/HIV.jpg\" alt=\"Nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi mang thai\" width=\"660\" height=\"330\" \/><\/p>\n<pre>Xem th\u00eam b\u00e0i \"<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/hiv-va-mang-thai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0HIV v\u00e0 mang thai\"<\/a>\u00a0c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c s\u0129\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/profile\/du-ngoc-hien\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TS. D\u01b0 Ng\u1ecdc Hi\u1ec1n <\/a><\/pre>\n<h2>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ACOG khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n test nhanh HIV d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n cho tr\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a test nhanh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00fang chuy\u00ean khoa \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng vir\u00fat d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1edd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m cho tr\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<li>Khi b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 sinh, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c t\u00f9y v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>Khuy\u00ean b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c cho tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV, kh\u00f4ng cho tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec5m HIV, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa nhi s\u01a1 sinh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho tr\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Theo d\u00f5i thai k\u1ef3 cho b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>Theo d\u00f5i, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u1ed9t thai ph\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean khoa nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n khoa, n\u1ed9i khoa, truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p li\u00ean quan. D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ea3n khoa ch\u1ec9 xin b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t l\u1ec7ch b\u1ed9i cho thai trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u thai k\u1ef3. Trong m\u1ed9t thai k\u1ef3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi nghi ng\u1edd b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u, \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng sau g\u00e1y (nuchal translucency &#8211; NT), b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 mang thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u00e0m c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 sinh thi\u1ebft gai nhau ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdc \u1ed1i. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thai ph\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec5m HIV, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV cho tr\u1ebb. Li\u1ec7u n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec5m HIV kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m do suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng vir\u00fat s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft?<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t l\u1ec7ch b\u1ed9i cho thai ph\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec5m HIV cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Savvidov v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2010) tr\u00ean 90 thai ph\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh HIV v\u00e0 450 thai ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 free b-hCG, PAPP-A v\u00e0 NT \u1edf hai nh\u00f3m. Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ART, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh (MoM) free b-hCG \u1edf nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m HIV \u00e2m t\u00ednh. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nguy c\u01a1 trisomy 21 (h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Down) v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n trisomy 18 (h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Edward). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Brossard (2008). Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a double test tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh do \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ART hay do b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec5m HIV g\u00e2y n\u00ean. Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 HIV g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1nh nhau l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebft n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 PAPP-A v\u00e0 free b-hCG. Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 ART l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng trophoblast v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n AFP qua nhau thai d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thay \u0111\u1ed5i nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ec7ch b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nguy c\u01a1 d\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n kinh khi t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t \u1edf tam c\u00e1 nguy\u1ec7t II. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng khi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho thai ph\u1ee5. Khi ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o NT, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn 70% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trisomy 21, n\u1ebfu NT \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ART, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u00fap kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 mang thai khi NT t\u0103ng so v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i thai.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y v\u1eabn n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 cho b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh HIV nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng thai ph\u1ee5 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n di truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 (PGD) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec5m HIV tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n cho con m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec5m HIV s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi lo \u00e2u v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng thai ph\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec5m HIV ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c. N\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong tham v\u1ea5n b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng quy trong theo d\u00f5i thai k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<pre>Xem th\u00eam b\u00e0i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/nhung-cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-thai-phu-nhiem-hiv\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi thai ph\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec5m HIV<\/a>\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/profile\/to-mai-xuan-hong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TS.BS. T\u00f4 Mai Xu\u00e2n H\u1ed3ng<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/profile\/du-ngoc-hien\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TS. D\u01b0 Ng\u1ecdc Hi\u1ec1n<\/a><\/pre>\n<h2>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tieumy.le.35\/posts\/1166510833445499\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tieumy.le.35\/posts\/1166510833445499<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1eb9 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi \u0111ang mang thai, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n 100 % thai nhi \u0111\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9, v\u1eady n\u00ean h\u00e3y l\u00e0m k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":369,"featured_media":3887,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5191],"tags":[4391,4736],"series":[3033],"coauthors":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>B\u00e0i 27 - L\u00e0m g\u00ec khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi c\u00f3 thai? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 Khoa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u00e0i 27 - L\u00e0m g\u00ec khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi c\u00f3 thai? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 Khoa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/san-phu-khoa\/lam-gi-khi-phat-hien-nhiem-hiv-khi-mang-thai\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"B\u00e0i 27 - L\u00e0m g\u00ec khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi c\u00f3 thai? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 Khoa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"B\u00e0i 27 - L\u00e0m g\u00ec khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi c\u00f3 thai? - D\u1ef1 \u00e1n S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 Khoa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/san-phu-khoa\/lam-gi-khi-phat-hien-nhiem-hiv-khi-mang-thai\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"D\u1ef1 \u00e1n S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ee5 Khoa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tieumy.le.35\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-04-15T05:48:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-04-28T16:50:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/san-phu-khoa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/04\/mang-thai-hiv.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"BS. 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