{"id":12547,"date":"2018-11-28T14:56:36","date_gmt":"2018-11-28T07:56:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/ung-thu\/benh-tieu-duong-nhung-dieu-it-duoc-biet\/"},"modified":"2018-11-28T14:56:36","modified_gmt":"2018-11-28T07:56:36","slug":"benh-tieu-duong-nhung-dieu-it-duoc-biet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/ung-thu\/benh-tieu-duong-nhung-dieu-it-duoc-biet\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>H\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (14\/11), b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 glucose) trong m\u00e1u (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft) t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft cao l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/tieu-duong-va-benh-tim\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/nhung-tac-dong-cua-benh-tieu-duong-len-co-the-ban\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/benh-tieu-duong-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">b\u1ec7nh th\u1eadn \u00a0m\u00e3n t\u00ednh<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/benh-tieu-duong-va-ban-chan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lo\u00e9t b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/benh-tieu-duong-va-nhiem-trung-cac-dau-hieu-de-nhan-biet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/phong-ngua-va-dieu-tri-bien-chung-benh-tieu-duong-benh-mat-do-tieu-duong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gi\u1ea3m th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c<\/a>, &#8230; V\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 425 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean 600 tri\u1ec7u trong 20 n\u0103m t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<pre>Xem th\u00eam\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/tieu-chuan-de-chan-doan-tieu-duong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/pre>\n<h2><strong>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 3500 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u0103m 1776 Matthew Dobson m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111o n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (glucose) trong m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. N\u0103m 1812, b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li>Trong su\u1ed1t 200 n\u0103m t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 10 gi\u1ea3i Nobel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho c\u00e1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh T\u0110. Trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc F.G. Banting v\u00e0 J.J.R Macleod nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra Insulin n\u0103m 1923 v\u00e0 Frederick Sanger \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac protein c\u1ee7a Insulin v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1958.<\/li>\n<li>N\u0103m 1922, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean insulin ngo\u1ea1i sinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb tuy\u1ebfn tu\u1ef5 c\u1ee7a b\u00f2, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh T\u0110 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t insulin c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi 2 t\u1ea5n tuy\u1ebfn tu\u1ef5 t\u1eeb heo, ch\u1ec9 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 227 gram insulin tinh ch\u1ebf, n\u00ean gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t cao.<\/li>\n<li>Cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00eam 1970, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt di truy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n gene m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 cho insulin v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 gene c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1edd\u201d vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra insulin. D\u1ea1ng insulin n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 insulin t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p, ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1978. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a insulin gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, b\u1ed5 sung insulin v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh cho b\u1ec7nh T\u0110.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Insulin<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Insulin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hormone n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, do t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ra. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf (islet) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 4 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong tu\u1ef5 t\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 1-2% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tu\u1ef5. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/li>\n<li>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft insulin, m\u00e0 ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. Sau m\u1ed7i b\u1eefa \u0103n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng glucose trong m\u00e1u t\u0103ng l\u00ean, insulin l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 quan nh\u01b0 gan, c\u01a1, m\u1ee1, &#8230; \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 glucose th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef. Sau khi glucose \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u1ebft, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng insulin ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng quay v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng sinh trong 3-5 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi, sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng sinh n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 duy tr\u00ec ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li>Khi em b\u00e9 ra \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf trong tu\u1ef5 ch\u1ec9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n th\u00eam 3-5 n\u0103m n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi hai d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh \u2013\u00a0 Lo\u1ea1i 1 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i 2 , nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<pre>Xem th\u00eam\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/phan-loai-tieu-duong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/pre>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 1<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 5-10% c\u00e1c ca b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 1 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng insulin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra qu\u00e1 \u00edt, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00e1u. V\u00ec v\u1eady hi\u1ec7n nay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 1 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ti\u00eam insulin ngo\u1ea1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn, t\u1ee9c 90% c\u00e1c ca b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung ni\u00ean ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i (40 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean). Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i qua th\u1eddi gian trong l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng insulin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn insulin tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u01a1 v\u1edbi insulin. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2 th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 glucose t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u00eam insulin ngo\u1ea1i sinh.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong thai k\u1ef3<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 mang thai, c\u00e1c hormone sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn insulin \u1edf gan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 glucose \u1edf c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p glucose cho con. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn insulin \u0111i qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tr\u01a1 \u2013 hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u2013 v\u1edbi insulin n\u1eefa, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 glucose v\u00e0 insulin trong m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng. Do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng glucose trong m\u00e1u m\u1eb9 t\u0103ng, n\u00ean em b\u00e9 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb7ng k\u00fd h\u01a1n. D\u1ea1ng T\u0110 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng cho m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 b\u00e9 trong su\u1ed1t thai k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t \u1edf tu\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean<\/strong><strong> (Maturity onset diabetes of the young)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>D\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 1-2% trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ca b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1ea7m v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i 1 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i 2. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do di truy\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n mang \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u1edf m\u1ed9t trong 13 gene (c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta), h\u1ecd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i 20 (tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 1, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm so v\u1edbi ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edbm v\u00e0o l\u00fac s\u01a1 sinh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n mang v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam insulin kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>L\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t khi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 do sai h\u1ecfng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0o, quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 1<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng insulin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 do s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta qu\u00e1 \u00edt v\u00ec b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh T\u0110 lo\u1ea1i 1 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n (autoimmune disease). Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 v\u00ec sao h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ecf ng\u1ecf. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: di truy\u1ec1n (c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 50 gene hay nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n), m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, nhi\u1ec5m virus, ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t, &#8230;).<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2 <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u00e9o ph\u00ec v\u00e0 \u00edt v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2 cao h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e9o ph\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 36 gene l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i 2.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong thai k\u1ef3<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01a1 v\u1edbi insulin \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 thai v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t \u1edf tu\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>V\u00ec c\u00e1c gene g\u00e2y n\u00ean lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gene.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ti\u00eam\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/phan-loai-insulin-trong-dieu-tri-benh-tieu-duong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Insulin<\/a><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/phan-loai-insulin-trong-dieu-tri-benh-tieu-duong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">:<\/a>ngo\u1ea1i lai v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u00eam h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c<\/strong>: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u0110 lo\u1ea1i 2, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam insulin, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 glucose (Metformin, thiazolidinediones, Gliflozin), \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf glucagon, lo\u1ea1i hormone c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi insulin, (dipeptidyl peptidase &#8211; 4 inhibitors), ho\u1eb7c k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng insulin (glucagon &#8211; like peptide &#8211; 1 analogs, sulfonylureas).<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf (islet)<\/strong> ch\u1ee9a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn tu\u1ef5 sang cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 T\u0110 lo\u1ea1i 1). Kho\u1ea3ng 400,000 \u0111\u1ebfn 500,0000 islet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o gan. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t insulin \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ti\u00eam insulin. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n dich (ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gh\u00e9p). Hi\u1ec7n nay, quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i.c<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c ph\u00f4i<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/notes\/s%C3%A1ch-t%E1%BA%BF-b%C3%A0o-g%E1%BB%91c-kh%C3%A1m-ph%C3%A1-c%C3%B9ng-nh%C3%A0-khoa-h%E1%BB%8Dc\/%E1%BB%A9ng-d%E1%BB%A5ng-c%C3%B4ng-ngh%E1%BB%87-t%E1%BA%BF-b%C3%A0o-g%E1%BB%91c-ph%C3%B4i-h%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bng-%C4%91%E1%BA%BFn-ch%E1%BB%AFa-tr%E1%BB%8B-b%E1%BB%87nh-ti%E1%BB%83u-%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng-c%C3%A1c-th%E1%BB%AD-ng\/211216736085553\/?fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARCqb3ZgdNEjq0PXlvR_doaPVRf4x-RP462g5pBfat6TO7t4hc_bgTmugkoxzC-mDGkzGHRXFV8n9aMODRPld1PRuYJ-ABV4v_RhB6EcXaXeQ2mAmB8QtOa3kWqll0xGiCyggJf0kqrAnNTqbecmbPEzs0rcKISz3_aDe2uEQkGdnazGE1HeSdi7orzsUwiDlNuJiYYIeJ7hAEzrixc7TIlnCKoEzMQpFAFC2B-Jae7hxxf8xVtCSJYiA2xUTFim-D2WnvMl6BUyTL2nno8dHz6C3WCXoBowUVCTsuXRKLFxGnWF5CmRFn_Ppwx3OFIotsyBnXyTu1cNcCjkH3w8k4Y&amp;__tn__=K-R\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/notes\/s\u00e1ch-t\u1ebf-b\u00e0o-g\u1ed1c-kh\u00e1m-ph\u00e1-c\u00f9ng-nh\u00e0-khoa-h\u1ecdc\/\u1ee9ng-d\u1ee5ng-c\u00f4ng-ngh\u1ec7-t\u1ebf-b\u00e0o-g\u1ed1c-ph\u00f4i-h\u01b0\u1edbng-\u0111\u1ebfn-ch\u1eefa-tr\u1ecb-b\u1ec7nh-ti\u1ec3u-\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng-c\u00e1c-th\u1eed-ng\/211216736085553\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SinhhocSucKhoe\/posts\/476024909555877?__tn__=K-R\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SinhhocSucKhoe\/posts\/476024909555877?__tn__=K-R<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng ng\u00e0y ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (14\/11), b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":12548,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4000,3586,2812,4001,4002,4003,4004,2614,4005,4006,4007,4008,4009,3589],"series":[3976],"coauthors":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - 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