{"id":7876,"date":"2018-05-31T14:23:43","date_gmt":"2018-05-31T07:23:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/ung-thu\/9-dieu-can-biet-ve-lieu-phap-mien-dich-va-ung-thu-phoi\/"},"modified":"2024-03-12T14:54:26","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T07:54:26","slug":"9-dieu-can-biet-ve-lieu-phap-mien-dich-va-ung-thu-phoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/ung-thu\/9-dieu-can-biet-ve-lieu-phap-mien-dich-va-ung-thu-phoi\/","title":{"rendered":"9 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh: Ts. H\u1ed3ng Nhung v\u00e0 BS.TS. Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u00ean Qu\u00fd<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c s\u0129 Jyoti D. Patel<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Y khoa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng khoa Ung b\u01b0\u1edbu h\u1ecdc l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c<\/em>, <\/em>\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago<\/em><\/p>\n

Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp trang Cancer.net v\u1ec1 m\u1ea3ng ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i<\/em><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tin t\u1ee9c th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (checkpoint inhibitor) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2015, C\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m Hoa K\u1ef3 (FDA) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nivolumab (Opdivo) trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1ea9y sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u (ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 1) ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn d\u00f9ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u1ecf (NSCLC) sau khi h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2015, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i u bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n protein PD-L1 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2016, pembrolizumab \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c FDA ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 atezolizumab (Tecentriq) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u1ecf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n sau ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2016.<\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ec9, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba ung th\u01b0. V\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a FDA \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p sinh h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (checkpoint inhibitor) n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c vaccine ung th\u01b0, kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n d\u00f2ng, v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o T ch\u1ee9a th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean d\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea3m (CAR T cells).<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 mang t\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n? L\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o, khi n\u00e0o v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o? Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch 9 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch khi b\u1ea1n trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y n\u00ean h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. PD-1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed1c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t PD-1 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u1ed1i u.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1c<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 1. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o T c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch b\u1ecb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 \u201cb\u1ecbt m\u1eaft\u201d n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ung th\u01b0 (T-cell OFF). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ung th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf (T-cell ON).<\/em><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n

Thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

Nivolumab v\u00e0 pembrolizumab ch\u1eb7n \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t PD-1. Atezolizumab ch\u1eb7n PD-L1, ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi PD-1. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h3>\n

Ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t khi d\u00f9ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi\u00eam trong m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i u.<\/p>\n

Ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nivolumab hay atezolizumab?<\/h3>\n

C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u1ecf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PD-L1.<\/p>\n

Ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb pembrolizumab?<\/h3>\n

B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PD-L1 c\u00e0ng cao c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi pembrolizumab h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 30% s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u1ecf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c PD-L1 cao, \u0111o t\u1eeb m\u1eabu sinh thi\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i u. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sinh thi\u1ebft cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PD-L1, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng pembrolizumab?<\/h3>\n

Pembrolizumab \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn b\u1edfi FDA nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n DP-L1 tr\u00ean 50% s\u1ed1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PD-L1 tr\u00ean 1% s\u1ed1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eafm \u0111\u00edch th\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 u ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gene EGFR ho\u1eb7c ALK c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eafm \u0111\u00edch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m teo nh\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 \u00edt t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng da gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u0103m kh\u00e1m k\u1ef9, nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ti\u1ebfp theo cho li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c, ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. http:\/\/www.cancer.net\/blog\/2016-11\/9-things-know-about-immunotherapy-and-lung-cancer<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. http:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/cancer\/2016\/11\/09\/how-pd-1-abrogates-the-anti-tumor-immune-response\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (checkpoint inhibitor) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":165,"featured_media":4723,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2460,2600],"tags":[2624,2602],"series":[1437],"coauthors":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n9 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tin t\u1ee9c th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i. 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