{"id":8109,"date":"2019-07-04T15:19:19","date_gmt":"2019-07-04T08:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.org\/ung-thu\/ung-thu-dai-trang-cac-lua-chon-dieu-tri\/"},"modified":"2019-07-04T15:19:19","modified_gmt":"2019-07-04T08:19:19","slug":"ung-thu-dai-trang-cac-lua-chon-dieu-tri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/ung-thu\/ung-thu-dai-trang-cac-lua-chon-dieu-tri\/","title":{"rendered":"Ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng: C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng. \u201cCh\u0103m s\u00f3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>T\u1ed5ng quan ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ung th\u01b0, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u1edf c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean khoa kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng quan, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m hay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNh\u00f3m \u0111a chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh\u201d (Multidisciplinary team). Trong ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng, nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean, b\u00e1c s\u0129 N\u1ed9i khoa ung th\u01b0, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 N\u1ed9i Ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u00f3m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ung th\u01b0 theo ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 ung th\u01b0, d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n vi\u00ean, chuy\u00ean gia dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5\/ngo\u1ea1i \u00fd, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0. H\u00e3y d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u00eam b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. H\u00e3y n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c <strong>\u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111i k\u00e8m<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ed5ng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/li>\n<li>\u00dd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>N\u00f3i chung, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 0, I, II v\u00e0 III th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n III, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n II n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 sau m\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n II v\u00e0 III c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau m\u1ed5. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n IV th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 0 ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <strong>c\u1eaft b\u1ecf polyp qua n\u1ed9i soi \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng<\/strong> (<strong>m\u1ed5 n\u1ed9i soi m\u1ec1m<\/strong>). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf th\u00f4ng qua \u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i soi m\u1ec1m lu\u1ed3n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. C\u00e1ch m\u1ed5 ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n r\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng. Polyp c\u1eaft ra s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi. N\u1ebfu polyp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft s\u1ea1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed5 b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n I ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft xung quanh. C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch m\u1ed5: M\u1ed5 h\u1edf ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed5 n\u1ed9i soi.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n II ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <strong>Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/strong>. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n II n\u00ean n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa xem c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n <strong>h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng<\/strong>. H\u00f3a tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i n\u00e0o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh nh\u1edd ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, tr\u1eeb phi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t cao. M\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn sau khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n <strong>ung th\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/strong> giai \u0111o\u1ea1n II, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. H\u00f3a tr\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra sau khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n III ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m <strong>ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u<\/strong>, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3<\/strong> sau m\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng, x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau ca m\u1ed5, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Di c\u0103n (giai \u0111o\u1ea1n IV) ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng di c\u0103n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu ung th\u01b0 lan sang m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 di c\u0103n. Ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u1edf xa, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 gan, ph\u1ed5i, m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c l\u00f3t b\u00ean trong b\u1ee5ng, ho\u1eb7c bu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ung th\u01b0 n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi thu nh\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u ung th\u01b0. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ru\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c do kh\u1ed1i u g\u00e2y ra. Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c sau h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 di c\u0103n (nh\u01b0 gan, ph\u1ed5i) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh n\u1ebfu h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u00eam v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0i n\u0103m cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p; c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean khoa s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ung th\u01b0 di c\u0103n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00ean bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129, y t\u00e1, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 l\u00e0nh xung quanh trong cu\u1ed9c m\u1ed5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng hay h\u1ea1ch lympho g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf trong ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t <strong>b\u00e1c s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i khoa ung th\u01b0<\/strong> l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0. M\u1ed9t ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ngo\u1ea1i khoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u00e2u th\u00eam n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng, tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng, h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<h3><strong><em>M\u1ed5 n\u1ed9i soi<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>V\u1edbi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh (camera) quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n sau khi g\u00e2y m\u00ea. V\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quy \u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ung th\u01b0. C\u00e1c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed5 n\u1ed9i soi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><em>L\u00e0m h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/em><\/strong><em> trong ung th\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>\u00cdt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ung th\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o l\u1ed7 m\u1edf th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e2n ra ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Ph\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111eo b\u1edfi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u00f4i khi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi l\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. V\u1edbi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ung th\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Xem th\u00eam v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><em>\u0110\u1ed1t s\u00f3ng cao t\u1ea7n<\/em><\/strong><em> (RFA- Radiofrequency ablation) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng (cryoablation)<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean gan ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u di c\u0103n t\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t kh\u1ed1i u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 RFA, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1eaft kh\u00f4. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u gan ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y. RFA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qua da ho\u1eb7c qua ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Trong khi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft \u0111i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 gan hay ph\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1i u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<h2><strong><em>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed5, h\u00e3y n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1ea1n s\u1eafp l\u00e0m v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hay \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111au v\u00e0 \u0111au khi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Cu\u1ed9c m\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1o b\u00f3n hay ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian sau \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y v\u00f9ng da xung quanh l\u1ed7 m\u1edf. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, b\u00e1c s\u0129, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1eadu m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1ch v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nhu \u0111\u1ed9ng ru\u1ed9t sau m\u1ed5 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<pre>Xem ti\u1ebfp b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: <a href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/thongtin\/ung-thu-dai-trang-lua-chon-dieu-tri-phan-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb (Ph\u1ea7n 2)\u00a0<\/a><\/pre>\n<h2><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.net\/cancer-types\/colorectal-cancer\/types-treatment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.cancer.net\/cancer-types\/colorectal-cancer\/types-treatment<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":291,"featured_media":5211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2460,2595],"tags":[2863],"series":[1432],"coauthors":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng: C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb - Y H\u1ecdc C\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/ung-thu\/ung-thu-dai-trang-cac-lua-chon-dieu-tri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng: C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb - Y H\u1ecdc C\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/ung-thu\/ung-thu-dai-trang-cac-lua-chon-dieu-tri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Ung Th\u01b0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/phuc.la.7\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-07-04T08:19:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/yhoccongdong.com\/ung-thu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/ung-thu-dai-trang-cac-lua-chon-dieu-tri-20221010-090635.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ths.BS. 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